Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9, Type IV Collagen and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Adamantinous Craniopharyngioma

Abstract

To explore the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9), type IV collagen (Col IV) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma (ACP) and analyze the correlation between the level of these markers and adamantimous craniopharyngiomas recurrence. Expressions of MMP-9, Col IV and VEGF were tested by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in 40 cases of ACP, including 24 cases of primary group and 16 cases of recurred group. The expression level of MMP-9 and VEGF in recurred group were significantly higher than primary group (93.7% vs. 41.7%, P < 0.05, 87.5% vs. 45.8%, P < 0.05, respectively). The expression of Col IV in the recurred group was significant different from the primary group (Z = -2.619, P < 0.05). MMP-9, Col IV and VEGF may be the potential specific bio-marker related to the recurrence of ACP.

Osteonectin Expression in Surrounding Stroma of Craniopharyngiomas

“…45,46 In this regard, it was recently reported that recurrent adamantinomatous craniopharyngiomas exhibit higher levels of MMP-9, whereas MMP-9 expression is regulated by osteonectin during many stages of tumor progression, including extracellular matrix deposition, angiogenesis, and metastasis. 47 Taken together, our finding and previous studies on osteonectin expression in various tumors and its underlying mechanisms in tumor progression suggest that increased osteonectin expression in the stromal tissue provides a permissive microenvironment for craniopharyngiomas that probably promotes tumor invasion and infiltration to the adjacent brain tissue. Osteonectin has also been considered as a potential target for antineoplastic therapies in recent years.…”

Molecular oncogenesis of craniopharyngioma: current and future strategies for the development of targeted therapies

“…Compared with primary tumors, recurrent tumors display increased expression of growth factors and their receptors that normally regulate cellular proliferation, including platelet-derived growth factor receptor-a (PDGFR-a) and fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2). 82,90,94 Upregulation of angiogenesis is another requirement for recurrence, as suggested by the increase in vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in recurrent tumors. 98 b-catenin is a regulator of VEGF in other cancers 27 and likely mediates the angiogenic potential of craniopharyngioma cells via this mechanism.…”

High expression levels of CXCL12 and CXCR4 predict recurrence of adamanti-nomatous craniopharyngiomas in children

“…Immunoreactivity for the expression of CXCL12 and CXCR4 was scored as described previously [14,23]. The intensity scoring was defined as follows: 0, no staining; 1, weak staining; 2, moderate staining; 3, strong staining.…”

“…The ACP-related expression of epithelial cell adhesion molecule (Ep-CAM) and pituitary tumor transforming gene (PTTG-1) was associated with the long-term risk of tumor regrowth and could be used as prediction markers for recurrent tumors [13]. In our previous study, we had demonstrated that MMP-9, Col IV, and VEGF may be potential specific biomarkers related to ACP recurrence [14]. The activated canonical Wingless (Wnt) signaling pathway and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) cascade were very recently identified to play a role in cell migration and brain infiltration of ACP [15][16][17][18].…”