Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 in Gastric Cancer

Abstract

BackgroundMatrix-metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is expressed by a wide range of cells and plays a significant role in the regulation of the tumor microenvironment of various cancers including gastric cancer. This study aims at the correlation of MMP-9 expression in gastric cancer with existing prognostic factors. MethodsThe MMP-9 expression in gastric cancer was identified by immunohistochemistry using a monoclonal antibody in paraffin-embedded sections, correlated with various clinicopathological parameters, and statistically analyzed. ResultsMMP-9 expression in gastric cancer was significantly correlated with the grade, depth of invasion, and TNM stage (p-value = 0.003, 0.019, and 0.025, respectively). A significant difference in expression between tumor tissue and adjacent gastric mucosa (p-value = 0.000) was also observed. 100% negative expression was found in well-differentiated tumors and early gastric carcinoma (T1). ConclusionThe study results suggest that MMP-9 expression could be a potential biomarker of aggressive gastric cancer and candidates for the possible diagnostic and prognostic tool.

Hub genes and pathways in gastric cancer: A comparison between studies that used normal tissues adjacent to the tumour and studies that used healthy tissues as calibrator

“…CDH1 encodes E‐cadherin and has been reported to act as a tumour suppressor and to be downregulated in GC [36]. Dysregulation of MMP‐9 , which encodes matrix metalloproteinases 9, plays a critical role in tumour invasion and progression of GC by affecting tumour microenvironment [37]. CDC42 encodes a member of the Rho GTPase family and involved in regulating the proliferation, migration, and invasion of AGS and SGC7901 human GC cell lines [38].…”

Molecular pathogenesis and emerging targets of gastric adenocarcinoma

“…Expression of MMP‐9 was found in 86.7% of GC tissue samples but only 10% of healthy gastric mucosa samples. Importantly, expression of MMP‐9 correlates with depth of invasion of the tumor cells 142,143 . In an analysis of 100 gastric carcinomas, 69% of tumors were positive for MMP9 expression.…”