Expression of Linear and Circular lncRNAs in Alzheimer’s Disease

Ghafouri‐Fard, Soudeh; Safari, Mohammad; Taheri, Mohammad; Samadian, Mohammad

doi:10.1007/s12031-021-01900-z

Cited by 20 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The interest in the role of circRNAs in the physiology and pathology of CNS has been steadily increasing in the last few years [ 10 , 14 ]. Some studies reported that circRNAs could play an important role in AD [ 8 , 15 ], even as possible biomarkers [ 8 ]. However, to our knowledge, only one paper was published investigating a profile of plasmatic circRNAs in AD [ 16 ], while no studies are available on subjects with MCI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Plasma Circular RNA Profile Differentiates Subjects with Alzheimer’s Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment from Healthy Controls

Manzini

Rivabene

Crestini

et al. 2022

IJMS

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The most frequently used biomarkers to support the diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) are Aβ42, total-Tau, and phospho-tau protein levels in CSF. Moreover, magnetic resonance imaging is used to assess hippocampal atrophy, 18F-FDG PET to identify abnormal brain metabolism, and PET imaging for amyloid deposition. These tests are rather complex and invasive and not easily applicable to clinical practice. Circulating non-coding RNAs, which are inherently stable and easy to manage, have been reported as promising biomarkers for central nervous system conditions. Recently, circular RNAs (circRNAs) as a novel class of ncRNAs have gained attention. We carried out a pilot study on five participants with AD and five healthy controls (HC) investigating circRNAs by Arraystar Human Circular RNA Microarray V2.0. Among them, 26 circRNAs were differentially expressed (FC ≥ 1.5, p < 0.05) in participants with AD compared to HC. From a top 10 of differentially expressed circRNAs, a validation study was carried out on four up-regulated (hsa_circRNA_050263, hsa_circRNA_403959, hsa_circRNA_003022, hsa_circRNA_100837) and two down-regulated (hsa_circRNA_102049, hsa_circRNA_102619) circRNAs in a larger population. Moreover, five subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) were investigated. The analysis confirmed the upregulation of hsa_circRNA_050263, hsa_circRNA_403959, and hsa_circRNA_003022 both in subjects with AD and in MCI compared to HCs. We also investigated all microRNAs potentially interacting with the studied circRNAs. The GO enrichment analysis shows they are involved in the development of the nervous system, and in the cellular response to nerve growth factor stimuli, protein phosphorylation, apoptotic processes, and inflammation pathways, all of which are processes related to the pathology of AD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Plasma Circular RNA Profile Differentiates Subjects with Alzheimer’s Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment from Healthy Controls

Manzini

Rivabene

Crestini

et al. 2022

IJMS

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“…This autophagic protein is important for clearing amyloid peptides and is less abundant in the AD brain. Consequently, ciRS-7 may participate in AD pathogenesis [ 135 , 137 , 138 ].…”

Section: Circular Rnasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Context-Dependent Regulation of Gene Expression by Non-Canonical Small RNAs

Plawgo

Raczyńska

2022

ncRNA

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In recent functional genomics studies, a large number of non-coding RNAs have been identified. It has become increasingly apparent that noncoding RNAs are crucial players in a wide range of cellular and physiological functions. They have been shown to modulate gene expression on different levels, including transcription, post-transcriptional processing, and translation. This review aims to highlight the diverse mechanisms of the regulation of gene expression by small noncoding RNAs in different conditions and different types of human cells. For this purpose, various cellular functions of microRNAs (miRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs), snoRNA-derived small RNAs (sdRNAs) and tRNA-derived fragments (tRFs) will be exemplified, with particular emphasis on the diversity of their occurrence and on the effects on gene expression in different stress conditions and diseased cell types. The synthesis and effect on gene expression of these noncoding RNAs varies in different cell types and may depend on environmental conditions such as different stresses. Moreover, noncoding RNAs play important roles in many diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and viral infections.

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“…The Antisense Non coding RNA in the INK4 Locus ( ANRIL ), also known as CDKN2B Antisense RNA 1 ( CDKN2B-AS1 ) is located in the 9p21.3 genomic region, within CDKN2B - CDKN2A gene cluster that has been reported as a susceptibility locus for cardiovascular disease [ 73 , 74 ], cancer [ 75 ], intracranial aneurysm [ 76 ], periodontitis [ 77 ], Alzheimer’s disease [ 78 ], endometriosis [ 79 ], glaucoma [ 80 ] and type 2 diabetes [ 81 ]. The upregulation of ANRIL has been reported in patients with DR compared to healthy subjects [ 62 ].…”

Section: Long Non Coding Rnas With Increased Expression In Diabetic R...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Diabetic Retinopathy: Are lncRNAs New Molecular Players and Targets?

et al. 2022

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The growing incidence of diabetes mellitus worldwide implies the increasing prevalence of several related macro- (e.g., hypertension and atherosclerosis) and micro-vascular (e.g., nephropathy and retinopathy) complications. Notably, diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of blindness in older diabetic patients and can occur with different degrees of severity. Chronic hyperglycemia is the main determinant of the functional damage of retinal cells. The oxidative stress, inflammatory factors and vascular endothelial growth factor signaling have been widely reported as contributors of DR onset and progression, and an emerging role has been described for different classes of non-coding RNA, including several long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Here, we report the main results of all research articles (i.e., 150) listed on PubMed database from 2014 to 2022 regarding the putative role of lncRNAs in DR, including small nucleolar RNA host genes (SNHGs). Particularly, in this review we describe all lncRNAs and SNHGs with altered expression in DR and related contexts, discussing their association with DR outcomes, their mechanism of action related to DR, the molecular/functional effects, as well as the biological and experimental contexts. Thus, herein we provide an overview of the current state of knowledge regarding the putative involvement of 50 lncRNAs and SNHGs in the pathogenesis of DR, highlighting their potential as therapeutic targets or biomarkers for improving the clinical management of DR.

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Expression of Linear and Circular lncRNAs in Alzheimer’s Disease

Cited by 20 publications

References 53 publications

A Plasma Circular RNA Profile Differentiates Subjects with Alzheimer’s Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment from Healthy Controls

A Plasma Circular RNA Profile Differentiates Subjects with Alzheimer’s Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment from Healthy Controls

Context-Dependent Regulation of Gene Expression by Non-Canonical Small RNAs

Diabetic Retinopathy: Are lncRNAs New Molecular Players and Targets?

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