Expression of Ki-67 in normal oral epithelium, leukoplakic oral epithelium and oral squamous cell carcinoma

Abstract

Aims and Objective:To demonstrate the presence, location and pattern of cell proliferation in different histological grades of oral epithelial dysplasia (OED), oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and normal oral epithelium (NOE) using an antibody directed against the Ki-67 antigen and its intensity of staining evaluated respectively.Materials and Methods:A total number of 100 archival paraffin embedded blocks obtained from Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology were studied. The case details were retrieved which consisted of histopathologically diagnosed cases of OSCC (n = 20), low risk OED (n = 30), high risk OED (n = 30) and normal appearing mucosa (n = 20) were taken as standard for comparison. Ki-67 immunostaining was detected. Ki-67 positive cells were counted in the five random high power fields in each case.Results:Ki-67 labeling Index (LI) was restricted to the basal and parabasal layers of the normal oral epithelium irrespective of age, sex and site whereas it was seen in the basal, suprabasal and spinous layers in OED. Ki-67 LI is increased in high risk cases than the low risk cases of OED. Ki-67 positive cells in OSCC were located in the periphery of the tumor nests than the center, where frequent mitoses were observed.Conclusion:The architectural alteration evaluated by Ki-67 antibody in proliferating cell distribution in the layers of epithelial dysplasias may provide useful information to evaluate the grading of OED. Ki-67 LI increased in high risk cases than low risk cases of OED. This study showed that over expression of Ki-67 antigen between well-differentiated and poorly differentiated OSCC was in accordance with histologic grade of malignancy but not in accordance with moderately differentiated OSCC.

Evaluation of the p‐AKT, p‐JNK and FoxO3a function in oral epithelial dysplasia

“…The presence of nuclear Ki‐67 was significantly increased in OSCC compared with OED and the control (Table ). It was also greater in OED samples compared with the control, revealing a direct relationship between Ki‐67 immunoreactivity and the grade of malignant cell differentiation and proliferation (Birajdar et al , ; Hasegawaa et al , ).…”

“…Immunostaining with Ki‐67 antibodies is well established as a quick and efficient method to evaluate the antiproliferative profile of neoplasias, as the protein binds to cells undergoing proliferation (Birajdar et al , ). In this study, Ki‐67 immunohistochemical analysis revealed the protein exclusively in the nuclei of OSCC and OED cells, while in controls it was observed more commonly at the basal and parabasal layers.…”

“…Birajdar et al () reported that immunostaining for Ki‐67 increases with proliferative cellular activity and OED degree, suggesting this protein as an important marker of for proliferation and for sorting/grading in the OED based on greater expression in the suprabasal layers. In this study, we noted the same trend in the samples; however, Ki‐67 expression did not differ between HRD and LRD (Table ), regardless of the localization pattern.…”

Immunohistochemical expression of matrix metalloproteinase‐1, matrix metalloproteinase‐2 and matrix metalloproteinase‐9, myofibroblasts and Ki‐67 in actinic cheilitis and lip squamous cell carcinoma

“…; Birajdar et al . ; Salvadori et al . ), could be due to the low number of cases in this comparison: 12 cases of WD, 8 cases of MD and 10 cases of PD.…”

Histopathological Grading of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Its Correlation With Ki-67 - A Proliferative Marker

“…The study of Smita Shrishail Birajdar et al 24 (2014) showed expression of Ki-67 antigen between well differentiated and poorly differentiated OSCC. But in our study, there was Ki-67 expression in all three grades.…”