Expression of inflammatory interleukins and selected miRNAs in non-small cell lung cancer

Abstract

Tumours are characterised by an ability to avoid immune destruction and the presence of cancer-associated inflammation. Better understanding of the link between lung cancer and such inflammation is vital for early detection and personalized treatment. Thus, we examined the mRNA expression of interleukins IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17 and miR-9, miR-122 as potential useful biomarkers of NSCLC. Tumour tissues, non-cancerous tissue and blood samples were collected from 39 patients with primary NSCLC undergoing surgical treatment. The selected RNA was isolated from tissue samples and selected miRNAs from peripheral blood exosomes. This RNA was transcribed to cDNA and quantified using RT-qPCR. Significantly higher expression of the selected interleukins was observed in non-cancerous than tumour tissue, and IL-6 was significantly higher in the tumour tissue of patients with a history of ≤ 40 pack-years (PYs) (2.197, IQR: 0.821–4.415) than in those with > 40 PYs (0.461, IQR: 0.372–0.741; p = 0.037). It is clear that inflammatory processes play a role in NSCLC, as indicated by the upregulation of IL-1β and IL-6 in tumour and adjacent tissue, and that smoking has a strong influence on inflammation in tumourigenesis, demonstrated by the upregulation of IL-6 in tumour samples among patients with ≤ 40 PYs compared to > 40 PYs.

Roles of Exosomes and Exosomal MicroRNAs in Postoperative Sleep Disturbance

“…32 Exosome production varies according to different cell states. Dutkowska et al 33 evaluated the expression of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and IL-17 in tumours versus surgical margins, and observed significantly higher expression of IL-6 in tumours relative to adjacent tissue, thereby indicating that inflammatory processes play a role in tumorigenesis. Additionally, they evaluated miR-9 and miR-122 as cytokine regulators in pre-and postoperative peripheral blood exosomes, revealing elevated levels of both miRs after tumour resection.…”

No Correlation between Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence Scores to Lipopolysaccharide Marker in Thai Smokers

“…It was observed that the expression of selected interleukins in noncancerous tissues was significantly higher than that in tumor tissues, and patients with a history of 40 pack-years (PY) (2,197, IQR: 0.821-4.415) and who were over 40 years old (0.461, IQR: 0.372-0.741; p = 0.037) had significantly greater levels of IL-6 in their tumor tissues. The up-regulation of IL-1 and IL-6 in tumors and surrounding tissues suggests that firing cycles have a role in NSCLC, and smoking can affect inflammation during tumorigenesis, which is manifested by an increase in IL-6 in patients' tumor tests [18].…”

“…Additionally, CRP disrupted the relationship between smoking and hypertension, accounting for 58.59 percent of smoking's estimated causal effect on hypertension [18], [19]. Furthermore, some previous studies focus on the heavy smokers in Bayi.…”

“…In the leg press training estimated by p1RM, there is a negative correlation between smoking time per pack-year and muscle strength. A pack of years of smoking and CRP levels (inflammatory markers) maintain a favorable link after changes in age, gender, and BMI [18], [19], [20].…”

Immunohistochemical Detection of Pro-Inflammatory and Anti-Inflammatory Interleukins in the Lungs of Sheep with Jaagsiekte

“…Interleukin 6 (IL-6), a multifunctional proinflammatory cytokine, is produced by different cells, including immune cells, endothelial cells, cancer-associated fibroblasts, and tumor cells (Islas-Vazquez et al, 2020;Dutkowska et al, 2021). IL-6 is involved in the regulation of tumorigenesis, progression, and metastasis and its overexpression is particularly strongly associated with a poor prognosis for NSCLC (Kiss et al, 2020;Pan et al, 2020;Su et al, 2020).…”