Expression of Immunohistochemical Markers in the Rat Liver During the First Week of Life After Prenatal Exposure to Lead Acetate and Under Correction

Pathomorphology of fetal and mature liver under the lead intoxication and after the correction: the review of experimental data

“…The fibrotic changes in the liver of lead treated fetuses were accompanied by the accumulation of Ito cells. αSMA-positive cells were also observed in the walls of the blood vessels of the intact or altered areas [21].…”

“…The increase in the number of the caspase-3-positive nuclei was observed in the liver epithelium under lead treatment. The alteration of the stroma was accompanied by the strong caspase-3 expression in the nuclei of stromal cells and the decrease in matrix metalloproteinases MMP-1 and MMP-9 expression [21]. The significant impact of the lead on the vascular endothelium was revealed in eNOS expression.…”

“…The inhibition of albumin production indicates that lead impacts the most stable molecular processes in hepatocytes, and, perhaps, suppresses the differentiation of hepatocytes from bipotential cell population. The general degenerative phenomena in the liver parenchyma were correlated to the decrease of cytokeratins AE1/AE3 expression [21]. The lead impact on the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in the fetal liver resulted in the non-uniform pattern of immunostaning in the liver parenchyma, whereas the VEGF expression was intact in the stroma [21].…”

“…The general degenerative phenomena in the liver parenchyma were correlated to the decrease of cytokeratins AE1/AE3 expression [21]. The lead impact on the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in the fetal liver resulted in the non-uniform pattern of immunostaning in the liver parenchyma, whereas the VEGF expression was intact in the stroma [21]. The increase in the number of the caspase-3-positive nuclei was observed in the liver epithelium under lead treatment.…”

“…The search for the natural products, dietary supplements and drugs, which can improve the state of liver in case of intoxication with heavy metals, is ongoing. Extract of tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum) [15,21], and garlic (Allium sativum) [17], have significant hepatoprotective effect, but it was not the same for different metals. The highest hepatoprotective effect of extract of tomatoes was to cadmium and mercury and it showed the least protective property for lead [15].…”