Expression of Heterosis and Heritability in Vegetative Traits of &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Gongronema latifolia&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;

Agbo, Christian U.; Silva, Jaime A.Teixeira da

doi:10.4236/ojgen.2014.42015

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Hybrids are mostly sterile and form relatively small populations (Wagner 1969;Schmid 1982) thus their longer-term persistence is questionable. However, transgressive segregation in hybrids is frequent and formed transgressive phenotypes could contribute to their persistence in nature (Rieseberg et al 1999;Agbo and da Silva 2014). In Estonian hybrids we found transgressive characters for male spike dimensions (SSPL, SC, SSD).…”

Section: Regional Differentiation Of the Hybrid C X Subviridulamentioning

confidence: 76%

Despite admixing two closely related Carex species differ in their regional morphological differentiation

et al. 2017

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Rarer species are expected to show stronger geographic differentiation than more common species. However, if rare species hybridize with common species, differentiation may be quite similar between the two due to genetic admixing via backcrossing. We studied morphological differentiation of plants of 21 natural populations of the more common Carex flava, 16 of the less common Carex viridula and 6 of their hybrids from 27 sites in three climatically different regions, Estonia, Lowland Switzerland and Highland Switzerland. Univariate ANOVA and multivariate principal component analysis of 14 morphological characters, describing both vegetative and reproductive characters, allowed to clearly distinguish C. flava from C. viridula. Carex viridula populations showed stronger regional variation than C. flava. Hybrids had both intermediate and transgressive characters in Switzerland and Estonia. On average, hybrids from Lowland Switzerland were more similar to Swiss C. flava than to C. viridula, while hybrids from Estonia were morphologically intermediate between plants of Estonian populations of the parental species. The results suggest that within-region genetic admixing between species has limited potential to lead to region-specific similarity between species, at least in our model system of the C. flava complex. We conclude that C. flava and C. viridula are clearly distinct species and that, despite hybridization, geographic differentiation is more pronounced in the less common C. viridula than in C. flava.

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Section: Regional Differentiation Of the Hybrid C X Subviridulamentioning

confidence: 76%

Despite admixing two closely related Carex species differ in their regional morphological differentiation

et al. 2017

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“…Heterosis, or hybrid vigor, is a common phenomenon in many diploid or polyploid organisms, which means the biomass, resistance ability, yield, and some other agronomic traits in hybrids are greater than that of the parents ( Hofmann, 2012 ). Heterosis has been widely used to improve the yield of the field crops and vegetables continuously and thus has greatly solved the crisis of food shortage especially in some developing countries ( Agbo and Teixeira da Silva, 2014 ). However, to date we still know little about the mechanisms of heterosis ( Wang et al, 2015 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Identification of EjGIF1 in Arabidopsis and Preliminary Analysis of Its Regulatory Mechanisms in the Formation of Triploid Loquat Leaf Heterosis

et al. 2021

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Although several results have been obtained in triploid loquat heterosis (i.e., leaf size of triploid loquat) studies in the past years, the underlying mechanisms of the heterosis are still largely unknown, especially the regulation effects of one specific gene on the corresponding morphology heterosis. In this study, we sought to further illustrate the regulatory mechanisms of one specific gene on the leaf size heterosis of triploid loquats. A leaf size development-related gene (EjGIF1) and its promoter were successfully cloned. Ectopic expression of EjGIF1 in Arabidopsis showed that the leaf size of transgenic plantlets was larger than that of WTs, and the transgenic plantlets had more leaves than WTs. Quantitative Reverse Transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) showed that the expression level of EjGIF1 showed an AHP expression pattern in most of the hybrids, and this was consistent with our previous phenotype observations. Structure analysis of EjGIF1 promoter showed that there were significantly more light-responsive elements than other elements. To further ascertain the regulatory mechanisms of EjGIF1 on triploid loquat heterosis, the methylation levels of EjGIF1 promoter in different ploidy loquats were analyzed by using bisulfite sequencing. Surprisingly, the total methylation levels of EjGIF1 promoter in triploid showed a decreasing trend compared with the mid-parent value (MPV), and this was also consistent with the qRT-PCR results of EjGIF1. Taken together, our results suggested that EjGIF1 played an important role in promoting leaf size development of loquat, and demethylation of EjGIF1 promoter in triploid loquats caused EjGIF1 to exhibit over-dominance expression pattern and then further to promote leaf heterosis formation. In conclusion, EjGIF1 played an important role in the formation of triploid loquat leaf size heterosis.

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Extensive genetic and DNA methylation variation contribute to heterosis in triploid loquat hybrids

Liu

Wang

Wang³

et al. 2018

Genome

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We aim to overcome the unclear origin of the loquat and elucidate the heterosis mechanism of the triploid loquat. Here we investigated the genetic and epigenetic variations between the triploid plant and its parental lines using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and methylation-sensitive amplified fragment length polymorphism (MSAP) analyses. We show that in addition to genetic variations, extensive DNA methylation variation occurred during the formation process of triploid loquat, with the triploid hybrid having increased DNA methylation compared to the parents. Furthermore, a correlation existed between genetic variation and DNA methylation remodeling, suggesting that genome instability may lead to DNA methylation variation or vice versa. Sequence analysis of the MSAP bands revealed that over 53% of them overlap with protein-coding genes, which may indicate a functional role of the differential DNA methylation in gene regulation and hence heterosis phenotypes. Consistent with this, the genetic and epigenetic alterations were associated closely to the heterosis phenotypes of triploid loquat, and this association varied for different traits. Our results suggested that the formation of triploid is accompanied by extensive genetic and DNA methylation variation, and these changes contribute to the heterosis phenotypes of the triploid loquats from the two cross lines.

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Expression of Heterosis and Heritability in Vegetative Traits of <i>Gongronema latifolia</i>

Cited by 3 publications

References 18 publications

Despite admixing two closely related Carex species differ in their regional morphological differentiation

Despite admixing two closely related Carex species differ in their regional morphological differentiation

Functional Identification of EjGIF1 in Arabidopsis and Preliminary Analysis of Its Regulatory Mechanisms in the Formation of Triploid Loquat Leaf Heterosis

Extensive genetic and DNA methylation variation contribute to heterosis in triploid loquat hybrids

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