Expression of eosinophils, RANTES and IL-25 in the first phase of Hymenoptera venom immunotherapy

Abstract

Introduction: Venom immunotherapy (VIT) can protect against severe anaphylactic reactions (SR) in 80-100% of subjects allergic to Hymenoptera venom. The mechanisms of induction of immunological tolerance produced by VIT are still little known. It has been shown that VIT modulates Treg activity, Th2 or Th1 cells or both, increases production of IL-10, decreases secretion of IL-13, and causes an IgG4/IgE ratio shift. Aim: To investigate the blood eosinophil count, CCL5/RANTES and IL-17E/IL-25 concentrations before and after the initial phases of the rush protocol of VIT. Material and methods: Forty individuals (14 males, 26 females) of mean age 41.03 ±12.43 years were included in the study. The peripheral eosinophils and the concentration of serum interleukin IL-17E/IL-25 and RANTES were determined before and after the initial phase of VIT. Results: Paired sample t-test revealed that all patients after VIT had significantly higher eosinophil levels compared to the baseline (mean: 0.42 vs. 0.64, p < 0.05). Moreover, in subjects treated with bee venom, RANTES levels proved to rise significantly (51 × 10 3 vs. 62 × 10 3 , p < 0.05) while IL-17E/IL-25 dropped with near-marginal significance (916 vs. 650, p = 0.069). Conclusions: Our immunological study on the early phase of venom immunotherapy suggested that eosinophils, cytokines such as CCL5/RANTES and IL-17E/IL-25 contribute to the immunological response.

Allergen‐specific immunotherapy induces the suppressive secretoglobin 1A1 in cells of the lower airways

“…27 Two AITinduced chemokines, CCL-5 (RANTES), and CCL-23 (MIP3), which are known to be involved in macrophage chemotaxis and were reported to be elevated in serum samples of patients receiving (insect venom) immunotherapy, were also detected in-and off-season. 28 CCL-5 is a major regulator of suppressive immune programs 29 and may contribute to antagonize pro-allergic type-2 immunity by recruiting Th1 cells as well as regulatory T cells. 30 The atypical chemokine receptor ACKR2, 30 the major CCL-5 scavenger receptor, is decreased through AIT and further increases the biological activity of CCL5.…”

Pharmacological effects and mechanisms of bee venom and its main components: Recent progress and perspective

“…Venom immunotherapy (VIT) could prevent severe allergic reactions in 80–100% subjects allergic to Hymenoptera venom. An immunological study on the early phase of VIT performed on forty individuals indicated that cytokines (CCL5/RANTES and IL-17E/IL-25) and eosinophils were conducive to the immune response ( Palgan et al, 2020 ).…”