Expression of cytokine genes, including IL-6, in human malignant melanoma cell lines

Colombo, Mario P.; Maccalli, Cristina; Mattei, Stefano; Melani, Cecilia; Radrizzani, Marina; Parmiani, Giorgio

doi:10.1097/00008390-199209000-00006

Cited by 79 publications

(40 citation statements)

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“…As a nonspecific acute phase response to almost all forms of inflammation (Pepys, 1995), CRP is synthesised in hepatocytes in response to cytokines such as mainly interleukin-6 (Il-6; Moshage et al, 1988;Castell et al, 1989;Kishimoto, 1989;Klein et al, 1991;Hirano, 1992). As melanoma cells are known to produce Il-6 (Colombo et al, 1992;Lee et al, 1992;Lu and Kerbel 1993;Mattei et al, 1994;Francis et al, 1996), serum CRP might reflect Il-6 production from the tumour. However, tumour-specific immune interaction with T cells, macrophages or monocytes might also be responsible for elevated Il-6 levels, as these cell are known to produce this cytokine, too.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosing melanoma patients entering American Joint Committee on Cancer stage IV, C-reactive protein in serum is superior to lactate dehydrogenase

et al. 2004

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Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in serum has recently been introduced into the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system for cutaneous melanoma because of its prognostic value. We hypothesised LDH to be of value in discriminating melanoma patients entering AJCC stage IV from patients staying in AJCC stages I, II or III. Lactate dehydrogenase was compared to the acute phase protein C-reactive protein (CRP), which we observed to reflect the course of melanoma metastasis in a previous report. In this prospective study, we measured LDH and CRP in the serum of 91 consecutive melanoma patients progressing into AJCC stage IV in comparison to 125 patients staying in AJCC stages I, II or III. Comparing distributions of the parameters by median values and quartiles by Mann -Whitney test, LDH was not significantly elevated in patients entering AJCC stage IV melanoma (P ¼ 0.785), whereas CRP was (Po0.001). Analysing the sensitivity and the specificity jointly by the areas under the receiver operating characteristics curves (ROC-AUC), LDH did not discriminate between the defined groups of patients (AUC ¼ 0.491; 95% confidence interval, 0.410, 0.581), whereas CRP did (AUC ¼ 0.933; 95% confidence interval, 0.900, 0.966; Po0.001). Upon logistic regression analysis to calculate the ROC-AUC values upon the predictive probabilities, LDH provided no additional information to CRP. Choosing a cutoff point of 3.0 mg l À1 , CRP yielded a sensitivity of 0.769 together with a specificity of 0.904 in diagnosing AJCC stage IV entry. Altogether, for first diagnosing AJCC stage IV melanoma, CRP is the superior serum marker when compared to the conventional LDH.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosing melanoma patients entering American Joint Committee on Cancer stage IV, C-reactive protein in serum is superior to lactate dehydrogenase

et al. 2004

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“…To our knowledge, there are only a few reports dealing with cytokine and cytokine receptor expression in colon carcinoma cell lines (Gaffney et al, 1988;Jung et al, 1995). Expression of a large variety of cytokine and cytokine receptor genes was reported in melanoma and sarcoma tumours but using the polymerase chain reaction (Colombo et al, 1992;Pekarek et al, 1993;Mattei et al, 1994). In colon cancer patient tissue samples, TNF-a RNA expression was localised, by in situ hybridisation, in tumour-infiltrating stromal macrophages (Beissert et al, 1989;Naylor et al, 1990).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulation of the plasminogen activation system by inflammatory cytokines in human colon carcinoma cells

Trân-Thang¹,

Kruithof²,

Lahm³

et al. 1996

Br J Cancer

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Summary Inflammation may promote malignant invasion by enhancing cancer cell-associated proteolysis. Here we present the effect of inflammatory cytokines on the plasminogen activation system of eight human colon carcinoma cell lines. Tumour necrosis factor a (TNF-a) and interleukin-l,B (IL-1,B) increased in several, but not all, cell lines the production of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA), tissue-type PA (tPA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) as analysed by zymography, enzyme immunoassays and Northern analysis. Interleukin 6 (IL-6) had no effect. uPA receptor (uPAR) mRNA levels were also upregulated. However, each individual cell line responded differently following exposure to TNF-a or IL-l,i. For example, there was a dose-dependent up-regulation of uPA and PAI-1 in SW 620 cells, whereas increased uPA production in SW 1116 cells was not accompanied by an increase in PAI-1. The TNF-a stimulatory effect was blocked by anti-TNF-a Fab fragments. All cell lines expressed both types of TNF receptor mRNAs, whereas no transcript for TNF-a, IL-1If, IL-6, IL-6 receptor or the IL-1 receptors was found. Our results demonstrate that TNF-a and IL-l, stimulate the plasminogen activation system in tumour cells but the responses differed even in cells derived from the same tissue origin.

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“…There are several reports that melanoma cell lines express mRNAs and also proteins for various cytokines, e.g. IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, tumour necrosis factor a and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (Colombo et al, 1992, and reviewed therein; Gastl et al, 1993). These and other cytokines are likely to be involved in the immune response to cancer.…”

Section: Specimensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of interleukin 10 in human melanoma

Krüger‐Krasagakes

Krasagakis²,

Garbe³

et al. 1994

Br J Cancer

127

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The expression of interleukin 10 (IL-10) mRNA in human malignant melanoma was investigated by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction analysis. Selective expression of IL-10 mRNA in tissues of primary melanomas and melanoma metastases was found in comparison with normal skin. In addition, strong expression of IL-10 mRNA and of biologically active IL-10 was detected in 3 out of 13 melanoma cell lines. Normal melanocytes consistently expressed low levels of IL-10 mRNA but did not produce detectable IL-10 protein, nor did keratinocytes or fibroblasts. The production of biologically active IL-10 by melanoma cell lines suggests that IL-10 mRNA in melanoma lesions may derive at least in part from the tumour cells themselves. Tumour-infiltrating cells, however, could also be a source of IL-10 in melanoma tissues. The presence of IL-10 in melanoma lesions may contribute to the postulated 'paralysis' of an anti-melanoma immune response. Images Figure 1 Figure 2

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Expression of cytokine genes, including IL-6, in human malignant melanoma cell lines

Cited by 79 publications

References 0 publications

Diagnosing melanoma patients entering American Joint Committee on Cancer stage IV, C-reactive protein in serum is superior to lactate dehydrogenase

Diagnosing melanoma patients entering American Joint Committee on Cancer stage IV, C-reactive protein in serum is superior to lactate dehydrogenase

Modulation of the plasminogen activation system by inflammatory cytokines in human colon carcinoma cells

Expression of interleukin 10 in human melanoma

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