Expression of CD69 on T‐cell subsets in HIV‐1 disease

Abstract

CD69 is the earliest activation marker newly synthesized and expressed during T lymphocyte activation. In this study, a whole-blood flow-cytometry-based assay was used to assess expression of the activation antigen CD69 on CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes, and the co-expression of CD69 and CD28 on T cells. The expression of CD69 was studied in both unstimulated and in phytohaemagglutinin (PHA)- or anti-CD(3)/CD(28)-stimulated, 4-h culture, samples. The production of IL-2, IFN-gamma or both cytokines, in CD69(+) T cells, in response to Staphylococcus enterotoxin B was also tested. Fifty-three HIV-1-infected and 21 healthy volunteers participated in this study. In both PHA- and anti-CD(3)/CD(28)-stimulated cultures the percentage of CD69 on CD3(+)CD4(+) T cells was significantly lower in AIDS (and non-responders to HAART) versus healthy controls and the other HIV-1(+) groups. A decrease of CD69(+)CD28(+) T cells after PHA or MoAbs stimulation is noticed in AIDS. No difference in cytokine production was noticed between healthy volunteers and HIV-1(+) patients. Our results suggest that the expression of CD69 is affected only in the AIDS stage and in the non-responders to HAART patients.

Harnessing Oncolytic Virus-mediated Antitumor Immunity in an Infected Cell Vaccine

“…CD69 is a marker of early lymphocyte activation and is not found on naive lymphocyte populations. 23,24 Lymphocytes from VSVgm-ICV-treated mice demonstrate dramatically higher degrees of early activation than control animals (Figure 4d). In keeping with this finding, at 24 hours post-treatment, a higher frequency of blood NK cells from VSVgm or VSVgm-ICV-treated mice express IFN and more of the cytokine is expressed per cell (Supplementary Figure S4a,b).…”

Biomarkers of Immune Dysfunction Following Combination Antiretroviral Therapy for HIV Infection

“…CD69 expression is a useful tool to monitor T-cell activation in vitro [16]; however, expression of CD69 from freshly isolated blood is low and is similar in HIV-infected and HIVuninfected patients [16,17], potentially because of the transient expression of these markers or sequestration of CD69 + T cells in lymph nodes and other organs. CD25, although a marker of T-cell activation and used as such in vitro, is also expressed on regulatory T cells [18], often in combination with other intracellular markers such as FoxP3 [19].…”

AFM‐ and NSOM‐based force spectroscopy and distribution analysis of CD69 molecules on human CD4+ T cell membrane

“…While CD69 appears to be the earliest inducible cell surface glycoprotein acquired during lymphoid activation, it involves cell proliferation and functions as a signal-transmitting receptor in T cells, natural killer (NK) cells, and platelets (Cambiaggi et al, 1992). Despite that increased or aberrant expression of CD69 has been implicated in immunopathogenesis of HIV/AIDS (de Martino et al, 1999;Pitsios et al, 2008) chronic inflammation and anemia (Neidhart et al, 1998), systemic lupus erythematosus (Crispin et al, 1998), and others (Ziegler et al, 1994), mechanisms by which this activation marker is expressed and distributed on the T cell surface remain poorly characterized. In this paper, we proposed that nanoscale imaging and atomic forcebinding analyses of CD69 expression on T cells would provide new insights into activation and immune function of T cells.…”