Expression of cancer-testis antigens in hepatocellular carcinoma

Zhao, Li; Mou, Dong-Cheng; Leng, Xi-sheng; Peng, Jie; Wang, Wanxiang; Huang, Lei; Li, Shu; Zhu, Jun

doi:10.3748/wjg.v10.i14.2034

Cited by 27 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Only 1 tissue out of 15 from the group of the PP tissues was very weakly positive; we explain this by influence of the tumour on normal tissue, which may take place in some cases. Such occurrences are well documented in the literature for mRNA/proteins for both CTA and non-CTA genes (Janz et al, 2002;Zhao et al, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

BORIS, a paralogue of the transcription factor, CTCF, is aberrantly expressed in breast tumours

et al. 2008

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BORIS (for brother of the regulator of imprinted sites), a paralogue of the transcription factor, CTCF, is a novel member of the cancer-testis antigen family. The aims of the present study were as follows: (1) to investigate BORIS expression in breast cells and tumours using immunohistochemical staining, western and real-time RT -PCR analyses and (2) assess potential correlation between BORIS levels in tumours with clinical/pathological parameters. BORIS was detected in all 18 inspected breast cell lines, but not in a primary normal breast cell culture. In 70.7% (41 of 58 cases) BORIS was observed in breast tumours. High levels of BORIS correlated with high levels of progesterone receptor (PR) and oestrogen receptor (ER). The link between BORIS and PR/ER was further confirmed by the ability of BORIS to activate the promoters of the PR and ER genes in the reporter assays. Detection of BORIS in a high proportion of breast cancer patients implies potential practical applications of BORIS as a molecular biomarker of breast cancer. This may be important for diagnosis of the condition and for the therapeutic use of BORIS. The ability of BORIS to activate promoters of the RP and ER genes points towards possible involvement of BORIS in the establishment, progression and maintenance of breast tumours.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

BORIS, a paralogue of the transcription factor, CTCF, is aberrantly expressed in breast tumours

et al. 2008

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“…Their selective normal tissue expression makes them ideal antigens for immune targeting of the malignant disease. In 2004, Zhao et al reported that of 105 HCC tissues, MAGE1, SSX-1, CTp11 and HCA587 mRNA expressions were detectable in 75.2%, 72.4%, 62.9%, and 56.2% of HCC samples, respectively [44]. About 93.3%, 72.4%, 48.6%, and 37.1% of HCC tissues positively expressed at least one, two, three, or four CT antigens, respectively.…”

Section: The Double Role Of the Cancer-testis Antigens Expression In mentioning

confidence: 98%

Biological Treatment for Liver Tumor and New Potential Biomarkers

et al. 2007

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The search for effective and efficacious therapy for liver tumor was started many years ago and is still ongoing. Despite all of the surgical advances, much work needs to be done to improve understanding of the biology of the tumor and its treatment. The rules of hepatic surgery are changing because of two recent major trends: (1) technical simplification, and (2) the endeavor to treat an increasing number of patients. T lymphocytes are potent cellular effectors of the immune system and possess a memory that responds to rechallenge by the same antigen. Being more specific and less toxic than chemotherapy, tumor infusion could be an ideal adjuvant therapy for patients with primary and secondary liver malignancies. Moreover, tumor cell vaccines have demonstrated efficacy in terms of minimal residual disease and are being investigated, but the requirement for an adequate supple of autologos tumor may limit the general applicability of these approaches. Various studies have demonstrated the aberrant expression of germ-cell proteins called cancer-testis (CT) antigens in liver neoplastic cells. Their selective normal-tissue expression makes them ideal antigens for immune targeting of malignant disease. Specific expression of CT antigens also suggests their application as tumor markers to detect circulating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells, as an adjuvant diagnostic tool, and as indicators for recurrence and prognosis. Biological therapy is now generating more clinical trials. More studies need to be performed and further experiments need to be done, although currently this seems a valid pathway for the treatment of liver cancer. Cytoreduction treatment of liver tumor and the vaccine might be the future of the treatment of primary and secondary liver tumor.

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“…Moreover, some subjects exhibited increased amounts of CEA-specific CD8 C T lymphocytes coupled to decreased levels of CD4 C CD25 C FOXP3 C regulatory T cells (Tregs) after vaccination. 33 Butterfield and collaborators (University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA) investigated the clinical profile of a prime-boost vaccination strategy relying on a pVAX1-based plasmid encoding full-length human a-fetoprotein (AFP), an oncofetal antigen frequently re-expressed by hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), [98][99][100][101] co-injected i.m. with a granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-coding plasmid (prime), followed by a single intramuscular administration of an AFP-coding adenovirus (boost) (NCT00093548).…”

Section: 24mentioning

confidence: 99%