Expression of a synthetic gene for improved protein quality in transformed potato plants

Yang, Maozhou; Espinoza, N.; Nagpala, P. G.; Dodds, John H.; White, Frank F.; Schnorr, K.L.; Jaynes, Jesse M.

doi:10.1016/0168-9452(89)90156-8

Cited by 40 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…A 292-bp synthetic gene (HEAAE I = high essential amino acid encoding) that encoded a protein domain high in essential amino acid was expressed as a CAT-HEAAE I fusion protein in potato (Jaynes et al 1986;Yang et al 1989). However, structural instability limited the high-level expression of this fusion protein in the potato system.…”

Section: Improvement Of Nutritional Qualities Of Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Subsequently, the genes encoding these protein domains were cloned into an existing protein and the expression level of this modified protein determined in transgenic potato plants. However, because of some of the problems previously mentioned, the results were somewhat less than desirable (Yang et al 1989).…”

mentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Our initial work described the use of small fragments of DNA that encoded spans of protein high in essential amino acids (Jaynes et al 1986;Yang et al 1989). Subsequently, the genes encoding these protein domains were cloned into an existing protein and the expression level of this modified protein determined in transgenic potato plants.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enhancing the Nutritional Quality of Crop Plants: Design, Construction, and Expression of an Artificial Plant Storage Protein Gene

Kim¹,

Çetiner²,

Jaynes³

1992

Molecular Approaches to Improving Food Quality and Safety

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The composition of storage proteins, a major food reservoir for the developing seeds, determines the nutritional value of plants and grains that are used as foods for man and domestic animals. The amount of protein varies with genotype or cuitivar, but in general, cereals contain 10070 of the dry weight of the seed as protein, while in legumes, the protein content varies between 20% and 30% of the dry weight. In many seeds, storage proteins account for 50% or more of the total protein, and thus determine the protein quality of seeds. Each year the total world cereal harvest amounts to some 1700 million tons of grain (Keris et al. 1985). This harvest yields about 85 million tons of cereal storage proteins harvested each year and contributes about 55% of the total protein intake of humans.With respect to human and animal nutrition, most seeds do not provide a balanced source of protein because of deficiencies in one or more of the essential amino acids in the storage proteins. Humans require eight amino acids from foods-isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, and valine-to maintain a balanced diet. Consumption of proteins of unbalanced composition of amino acids can lead to a malnourished state that is most often found in children in developing countries where plants are the major source of protein intake. Therefore, the development of a more nutritionally balanced protein for introduction into plants is of extreme importance.Recently, many laboratories have attempted to improve the nutritional

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Section: Improvement Of Nutritional Qualities Of Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 96%

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Enhancing the Nutritional Quality of Crop Plants: Design, Construction, and Expression of an Artificial Plant Storage Protein Gene

Kim¹,

Çetiner²,

Jaynes³

1992

Molecular Approaches to Improving Food Quality and Safety

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“…The NCMC treatments increased the chitosanase levels in the crops . The conventional approaches to the enhancement of the storage protein yields of corn and potato are the classical plant breeding (Inversen, 1983;Li, 1982) and the recombinant DNA techniques (Yang, 1989). We have, therefore, compared the effects of NCMC, NH4C1, and combined NCMC/NH&l treatments on the storage protein contents and the activities of the enzyme of NH4+ ion salvage in corn (Osuji and Cuero, 1991d).…”

Section: Regulation Of Nh4+ Ion Salvage By Ncmc Application To Cropsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of ammonium ion salvage and enhancement of the storage protein contents of corn, sweet potato, and yam tuber by N-(carboxymethyl)chitosan application

Osuji¹,

Cuero²

1992

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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The biochemical approach to storage protein enhancement via NH4+ ion metabolism was investigated by treatment of growing yam tuber, sweet potato, and corn with N-(carboxymethy1)chitosan (NCMC). Application of NCMC to yam tuber gave rise to a-ketoglutarate (aKG)-dependent inhibition of the glutamate synthase (GOGAT) with an inhibition constant (Ki) of 3 mM but relieved the aKG-dependent inhibition of the glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH), with a concomitant 270% increase of the storage protein content. In sweet potato, NCMC application gave rise to glutamate-dependent inhibition of the glutamine synthetase (GS) with Ki of 15 mM but relieved the inhibition of the GDH by high aKG concentrations, with a concomitant doubling of the storage protein contents. In corn, NCMC application also gave rise to aKG-dependent inhibition of the GOGAT with Ki of 0.5 mM but relieved the aKGdependent inhibition of the GDH, with a concomitant doubling of the storage protein content. NCMC treatment also reduced the levels of some of the high molecular weight polypeptides (deaminating) while it increased the levels of some of the low molecular weight polypeptides (aminating) of GDH. Therefore, NCMC enhanced the storage protein contents of the crops by enhancing NH4+ ion salvage.

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“…One of the drawbacks of cassava is also the low protein content of the roots, which can lead to protein malnutrition in areas, where the diet is based mainly on cassava. In addition to the project directed to prolonging cassava leaf life, we are also currently transferring a synthetic storage protein gene [54] into cassava, so as to develop new cassava varieties with roots containing high quality protein, as a source of a more balanced diet.…”

Section: Improvement Of Root Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Biotechnological Contributions to Food Secrurity with Cassava and Rice.

Puonti‐Kaerlas

Klöti

Potrykus

1999

Plant Biotechnology

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Present world food production would provide ca. 2,400 kcal/day/person if it could be equally distributed amongst the world population. Food is, however, and will always be, unevenly distributed. Many of us are used to consume 3,400 kcal/day. However, 800 million are starving at 1,800 kcal/day, and 3.4 billion live at the minimal level of 2,200 kcal/day. Although food security to date may be mainly a poverty problem, it is increasingly becoming a production problem. The world population is growing by 90 million p.a. and will, probably, stabilise only when a total of 10-12 billion has been reached. At the same time, however, world-wide food production per capita is declining, as is the crop land and the water available for agricultural food production. The continuous increases in food productivity of the past decades are declining and two of the three major food systems-oceans and rangelands-are already exploited at their limits. The world population will continue to grow dramatically and most of this population growth will occur in Developing Countries, which will not be rich enough to compete on the world market for food surplus and which, therefore, will, have to increase their harvests from agricultural land dramatically. And this increase has to be achieved under sustained conditions, with reduced inputs in agrochemicals, energy, water and manpower. Yield per acre has at least to be doubled. The most direct approach to an increase in food production, without an additional increase in input of resources, would be via reduction of losses with the help of resistant crop varieties. As crop loss is still in the range of 50% for the major food security crops such as rice and cassava, the potential of such an approach is enormous. Genetic engineering could, therefore, substantially contribute to the rescue of lost harvests via production of resistant varieties. It also could contribute to a second facet of food security, the improvement of food quality with regard to vitamins, micronutrients and essential amino acids. From our work at the ETH Zurich we will present the state of the art of projects with the food-security crops rice and cassava on pest-and disease resistance, supply of provitamin A, iron and protein, and reduction of toxic compounds.

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Expression of a synthetic gene for improved protein quality in transformed potato plants

Cited by 40 publications

References 18 publications

Enhancing the Nutritional Quality of Crop Plants: Design, Construction, and Expression of an Artificial Plant Storage Protein Gene

Enhancing the Nutritional Quality of Crop Plants: Design, Construction, and Expression of an Artificial Plant Storage Protein Gene

Regulation of ammonium ion salvage and enhancement of the storage protein contents of corn, sweet potato, and yam tuber by N-(carboxymethyl)chitosan application

Biotechnological Contributions to Food Secrurity with Cassava and Rice.

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