Expression and significance of SATB1 in the development of breast cancer

Abstract

ABSTRACT. Special AT-rich sequence binding protein 1 (SATB1) is a recently discovered gene regulator that can promote the growth and metastasis of breast cancer. However, its expression in different stages of breast cancer development have not been examined. We explored the role of SATB1 in the development of breast cancer by detecting SATB1 expression levels in different stages of breast cancer. SATB1 expression was determined using an immunohistochemical streptavidin peroxidase method; the relationship between clinicopathological features of breast cancer and SATB1 expression was analyzed using the c 2 test. Positive rates of SATB1 protein in normal breast tissue, normal breast ductal hyperplasia tissue, precancerous lesions of breast cancer, non-invasive cancer, early invasive carcinoma, and invasive breast cancer tissue were, respectively, 6.25 (2/32), 6.4 (3/47), 20.4 (10/49), 45.0 (9/20), 52.9 (9/17), and 76.6% (72/94). SATB1 in the latter 3 groups was significantly higher than in the first 3 groups (P < 0.05). The positive rate of SATB1 protein in invasive non-special types of breast cancer (88.5%, 54/61) was significantly higher than in the special type of invasive breast cancer (54.5%, 18/33) and early invasive breast cancer (52.9%, 9/17) (P < 0.05). SATB1 protein expression in 3310 S. Zhang et al. ©FUNPEC-RP www.funpecrp.com.br Genetics and Molecular Research 14 (2): 3309-3317 (2015) breast cancer with lymph node metastasis was generally increased, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). SATB1 protein expression showed an increasing trend in different stages of breast cancer development. Overexpression indicated poor prognosis.

SATB1 in Malignant T Cells

“…SATB1 is also down-regulated in clear cell renal carcinoma, which is associated with shorter patient survival (Kowalczyk et al, 2016). However, high SATB1 expression is associated with disease progression in other malignancies such as CD30 þ anaplastic large-cell lymphoma and gastric, colorectal, and breast carcinomas (Pan et al, 2016;Wang et al, 2014;Yuan et al, 2016;Zhang et al, 2014Zhang et al, , 2015. Hence, the function of SATB1 as either tumor suppressor or promoter appears to be context dependent and may relate to the fact that SATB1 plays multiple roles in cell homeostasis, growth, differentiation, and DNA repair (Hanker et al, 2011;Kaur et al, 2016;Lu et al, 2010;Meng et al, 2012).…”

Clinicopathologic Significance of SATB1 and DJ-1 Proteins Expression in Cervical Carcinoma

“…[4] Also, SATB1 can regulate distant genes by selectively tethering MARs to the nuclear matrix resulting in the formation of a characteristic 'cagelike' network that circumscribes heterochromatin. [4][5][6]12,13] Moreover, SATB1 seems to serve two different but related purposes, structurally as a component of chromatin architecture and functionally as a transcription factor via binding to the upstream regulatory elements and recruiting chromatin remodeling enzymes. [4,5,14] Recently, SATB1 was shown to provide a nuclear architectural platform regulating the expression of >1000 genes involved in many biologic processes, including proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle, cell adhesion, signaling, extacellular matrix formation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition, indicating a potential role of SATB1 in malignant transformation and progression.…”

“…[3] Recent studies in the last few years have shown overexpression of SATB1 in a variety of malignant tumors including cutaneous malignant melanoma, breast, gastric, colorectal and laryngeal carcinomas where it is linked to tumor progression and metastasis. [6] A-736…”

High expression of special AT‑rich sequence binding protein‑1 predicts esophageal squamous cell carcinoma relapse and poor prognosis

“…The expression of SATB1 has been examined in esophageal adenocarcinoma and is an independent prognostic factor (20). In several types of cancer, including laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma, endometrial cancer, hepatocellular cancer and lung cancer, high expression of SATB1 promotes tumor growth and metastasis, and is a negative prognostic factor (7,(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20). SATB1 can regulate the expression of >1,000 genes involved in the processes of DNA organization, proliferation and apoptosis (8,9).…”

“…SATB1 can regulate gene expression by folding chromatin into loop domains and tethering DNA domains to the SATB1 network structure (7,8). Under normal conditions, SATB1 is expressed at low levels in cells and tissues, but is overexpressed in a variety of malignant tumors, including laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma, endometrial cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, rectal cancer, cutaneous malignant melanoma, gastric cancer, prostate cancer, lung cancer and cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (7,(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20). The expression of SATB1 has been examined in esophageal adenocarcinoma and is an independent prognostic factor (20).…”