Expression and regulation of avian beta-defensin 8 protein in immune tissues and cell lines of chickens

Abstract

ObjectiveDefensins are a large family of antimicrobial peptides and components of the innate immune system that invoke an immediate immune response against harmful pathogens. Defensins are classified into alpha-, beta-, and theta-defensins. Avian species only possess beta-defensins (AvBDs), and approximately 14 AvBDs (AvBD1–AvBD14) have been identified in chickens to date. Although substantial information is available on the conservation and phylogenetics, limited information is available on the expression and regulation of AvBD8 in chicken immune tissues and cells.MethodsWe examined AvBD8 protein expression in immune tissues of White Leghorn chickens (WL) by immunohistochemistry and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). In addition, we examined AvBD8 expression in chicken T-, B-, macrophage-, and fibroblast-cell lines and its regulation in these cells after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment by immunocytochemistry and RT-qPCR.ResultsOur results showed that chicken AvBD8 protein was strongly expressed in the WL intestine and in macrophages. AvBD8 gene expression was highly upregulated in macrophages treated with different LPS concentrations compared with that in T- and B-cell lines in a time-independent manner. Moreover, chicken AvBD8 strongly interacted with other AvBDs and with other antimicrobial peptides as determined by bioinformatics.ConclusionOur study provides the expression and regulation of chicken AvBD8 protein in immune tissues and cells, which play crucial role in the innate immunity.

Chicken avian β-defensin 8 modulates immune response via the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways in a chicken macrophage cell line

“…(2016b) reported that 2 Fayoumi chicken lines induced with NE, M15.1 and M15.2, showed differential gene expression pattern of AvBDs. In an in vitro experiment, AvBD8 gene expression was highly upregulated in chicken macrophages and T and B cell lines with lipopolysaccharide treatment ( Rengaraj et al., 2018 ). Therefore, chicken AvBD8 have an important role in immune system when the host was infected with pathogens.…”

Chicken avian β-defensin 8 modulates immune response via the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways in a chicken macrophage cell line

“…Furthermore, Truong et al [49] reported that two Fayoumi chicken lines induced with NE, M15.1 and M15.2, showed differential gene expression pattern of AvBDs. In an in vitro experiment, AvBD8 gene expression was highly upregulated in chicken macrophages and T-and B-cell lines with LPS (lipopolysaccharide) treatment [31]. Therefore, chicken AvBD8 have an important role in immune system when the host were infected with pathogens.…”

“…Most of these β-defensins exhibit antimicrobial activity against various pathogens [8,20,24,[26][27][28]. Several studies have reported the expression of AvBDs against pathogen infections [29][30][31].…”

The Control of Intestinal Inflammation: A Major Objective in the Research of Probiotic Strains as Alternatives to Antibiotic Growth Promoters in Poultry

“…The expression of AvBD-4 is upregulated in the duodenum upon Salmonella enterica challenge and may be important in encountering initial bacterial intestinal colonization [115]. On the other hand, chicken AvBD-8 protein is strongly expressed in white leghorn chicken intestine and in macrophages after LPS challenge and interacts with other AvBDs and antimicrobial proteins, such as leukocyte cell-derived chemotaxin-2 (LECT2) and cathelicidin-2 (CATHL-2) [116]. Moreover, it has been described that AMPs are also capable of modulating the activation of TLRs.…”