Expression and localization of reelin in human odontoblasts

Reelin expression in human prostate cancer: a marker of tumor aggressiveness based on correlation with grade

“…17,18 Recently, it was demonstrated that reelin is also expressed in organs and compartments outside of the CNS [4][5][6][7]9 where it might regulate cellular differentiation and cellular migration. As these processes participate in neoplastic transformation and progression, we investigated reelin expression in a large series of neoplastic lesions and report for the first time reelin expression in prostate cancers.…”

“…1 Reelin is thought to guide migrating neurons by interacting with two cell surface receptors, very low density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR) and apolipoprotein E receptor 2 (ApoER2), and by activating a tyrosine kinase signalling cascade that instructs neurons to reach their correct laminar position in the cortex; 2 reelin modulates the cytoskeletal organization and behavior of migrating neurons by regulating the phosphorylation state of the microtubule-stabilizing protein tau; mice that are mutant for reelin show high levels of tau phosphorylation suggesting that defective reelin signalling leads to tau hyperphosphorylation. 3 Although most studies have focused on the role of reelin in central neural system (CNS) development, recent data have shown that reelin is also expressed in adult peripheral tissues, including the peripheral neural system, 4 liver, kidney, testis, ovary, 5 odontoblasts, 6 plasma cells, 7 serum, 8 acinar and ductal pancreatic epithelial cells, Langherhans islet cells and autonomic peripheral nerves, 9 thereby proposing a wide spectrum of biological functions.…”

L’odontoblaste

“…Dans ces conditions, la morphologie et la situation spatiale unique de l'odontoblaste le font apparaître comme la cellule clé d'un système mécanosensoriel impliqué dans la transduction des signaux perçus par la dent. Cette hypothèse est renforcée par les contacts étroits établis entre les fibres nerveuses pulpaires et la membrane odontoblastique [3,9]. Cependant, la nature précise de ces contacts reste à déterminer, car les études ultrastructurales n'ont jamais mis en évi-dence de structures de type synapse.…”

“…Face à la grande diversité des fibres nerveuses innervant le tissu pulpaire, l'identification des protéines impliquées dans cette communication cellulaire semble nécessaire, afin de déterminer quels types de fibres sont à l'origine des signaux douloureux générés et de préciser le rôle du cil comme centre intégrateur potentiel de signaux. Les analyses futures devront également s'appuyer sur la modélisation in vitro de l'innervation odontoblastique ( Figure 5) [9] pour identifier les acteurs moléculaires impliqués dans les communications établies entre ces cellules. Enfin, l'origine et la composition du fluide dentinaire et, plus particulièrement, l'implication de l'odontoblaste dans le transport transmembranaire de fluide devront être précisées.…”

Lipoteichoic Acid Increases TLR and Functional Chemokine Expression while Reducing Dentin Formation in In Vitro Differentiated Human Odontoblasts

“…In these conditions, dental pulp cells give rise to highly differentiated cells that exhibit many odontoblast features such as cell body polarization, formation of a typical process at the cell pole opposite to the nucleus, and strong expression of specific markers, including type I collagen, dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP), TGF-␤1, phosphate regulating gene with homologies to endopeptidases on the X chromosome, osteoadherin, and reelin (14,15,16,17). Although some differences may exist with in vivo cells, in vitro-differentiated odontoblasts are referred to as odontoblasts from herein.…”