Expression and function of growth hormone in the nervous system: A brief review

Arámburo, Carlos; Betancourt, Clara Alba; Luna, Maricela; Harvey, S.

doi:10.1016/j.ygcen.2014.04.035

Cited by 46 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…These findings suggest the possible correlation between GH-induced cognitive function and the GABAB receptor. Since GH is an important regulator of developmental and cognitive functions in the CNS, we investigated the effects of GH on the expressions of GABA B receptor subunits as well as the GH/IGF axis gene in specific brain regions known to be affected by GH treatment 14,15) in Snord116del mice.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene Expression Related to Cognitive Function in Growth Hormone-treated Mice with Prader-Willi Syndrome

Ko¹

2016

Journal of mucopolysaccharidosis and rare disease

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Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a rare genetic disorder often caused by a deletion of the chromosome 15q11-q13 region inherited from the father or by maternal disomy 15. Growth hormone deficiency with short stature, hypogonadism, cognitive and behavioral problems, analgesia, decreased gastric motility and decreased ability to vomit with hyperphagia are common in PWS leading to severe obesity in early childhood, if not controlled. The goal of this study is to investigate the effects of recombinant human GH (rhGH, henceforth designated GH) on the gene expression related to cognitive function in the brain of PWS mouse model (Snord116del). GH restored the mRNA expression level of several genes in the cerebellum. These data suggest the effect of GH on the expression of cognitive function related genes in cerebellum may provide a mechanism for the GHinduced brain function in PWS patients.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene Expression Related to Cognitive Function in Growth Hormone-treated Mice with Prader-Willi Syndrome

Ko¹

2016

Journal of mucopolysaccharidosis and rare disease

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“…The Snord116 deletion (Snord116del) mouse, a PWS-mimicking model, is a dwarf strain caused by the deletion of the Snord116 C/D box snoRNA cluster. Since GH is an important regulator of developmental and cognitive functions in the CNS, we investigated the effects of GH on the expressions of GABA B receptor subunits as well as the GH/IGF axis gene in specific brain regions known to be affected by GH treatment 18,19) in Snord116del mice.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Growth Hormone on mRNA Expression of the GABA_B1Receptor Subunit and GH/IGF Axis Genes in a Mouse Model of Prader-Willi Syndrome

Lee

Jin²

2015

Journal of mucopolysaccharidosis and rare disease

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Purpose: Growth hormone (GH) therapy substantially improves several cognitive functions in PWS. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of GH on cognition remain unclear in PWS. In this study, we investigated the effects of recombinant human GH on the gene expression of GABAB receptor subunits and GH/insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis genes in the brain regions of PWS-mimicking mice (Snord116del). Methods: Snord116del mice were injected subcutaneously with 1.0 mg/kg GH or saline, once daily for 7 days. The collected brain tissues were analyzed for mRNA content using quantitative PCR (qPCR) in the cerebellum, hippocampus, and cerebral cortex. Results: GH increased the mRNA expression level of the GABA B1 receptor subunit (GABA BR1 ) and IGF-1R in the cerebellum. Furthermore, a significant positive correlation was found between the level of GABA BR1 mRNA and the expression of the IGF-1R transcript. GH also induced an increase in the mRNA expression of IGF-2 and IGF-2R in the cerebellum. Conclusion: These data indicate that GH may provide beneficial effects on cognitive function through its influences on the expression of GABA BR1 and GH/IGF-1 axis genes in PWS patients.

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“…Moreover, unlike the microarray study, RNA-Seq enabled the detection of differential expression of low expression genes like Prl and Gh, both of which are expressed in the brain (Aramburo et al 2014;Marano and Ben-Jonathan 2014), upregulated by E2 (Addison and Rissman 2012;Torner et al 1999) and in the current study serve as examples of Gly's anti-estrogenic effects in the brain.…”

Section: Con and E2+gly Vs E2 Comparison But Not The Gly Vs Con Compmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, we examined other E2-regulated hypothalamic genes: growth hormone (Gh), prolactin (Prl), and kisspeptin (Kiss1), which are expressed in various regions of the hypothalamus (Addison and Rissman 2012;Aramburo et al 2014;Gottsch et al 2004;Grattan and Kokay 2008;Smith et al 2005). Gh is involved in cognition and memory (Donahue et al 2006;Harvey 2010), and exhibits a sexually dimorphic pattern of gene expression in the medial preoptic area (MPOA) and ARC regions of the hypothalamus (Addison and Rissman 2012).…”

Section: Effects Of E2 And/or Gly On Nr4a1 Expressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gh and Prl mRNAs were of interest as they are both synthesized locally in the rodent brain in several hypothalamic nuclei, such as the MPOA and ARC, and also co-localize with Esr1 in these neurons (Addison and Rissman 2012;Aramburo et al 2014;Grattan and Kokay 2008;Marano and Ben-Jonathan 2014). Kiss1 is highly expressed in mouse hypothalamic nuclei, especially the ARC, AVPV, and PVN, and regulates the stimulation and release of GnRH in these regions (Friedman 2013;Gottsch et al 2004;Smith et al 2005).…”

Section: -B)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of glyceollin on mRNA expression in the female mouse brain.

Bamji¹

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Expression and function of growth hormone in the nervous system: A brief review

Cited by 46 publications

References 101 publications

Gene Expression Related to Cognitive Function in Growth Hormone-treated Mice with Prader-Willi Syndrome

Gene Expression Related to Cognitive Function in Growth Hormone-treated Mice with Prader-Willi Syndrome

The Effect of Growth Hormone on mRNA Expression of the GABA_B1Receptor Subunit and GH/IGF Axis Genes in a Mouse Model of Prader-Willi Syndrome

Effects of glyceollin on mRNA expression in the female mouse brain.

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Expression and function of growth hormone in the nervous system: A brief review

Cited by 46 publications

References 101 publications

Gene Expression Related to Cognitive Function in Growth Hormone-treated Mice with Prader-Willi Syndrome

Gene Expression Related to Cognitive Function in Growth Hormone-treated Mice with Prader-Willi Syndrome

The Effect of Growth Hormone on mRNA Expression of the GABAB1Receptor Subunit and GH/IGF Axis Genes in a Mouse Model of Prader-Willi Syndrome

Effects of glyceollin on mRNA expression in the female mouse brain.

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The Effect of Growth Hormone on mRNA Expression of the GABA_B1Receptor Subunit and GH/IGF Axis Genes in a Mouse Model of Prader-Willi Syndrome