Expressed Prostate Secretions in the Study of Human Papillomavirus Epidemiology in the Male

Abstract

IntroductionExploring different sampling sites and methods is of interest for studies of the epidemiology of HPV infections in the male. Expressed prostate secretions (EPS) are obtained during digital rectal examination (DRE), a daily routine urological diagnostic procedure, following massage of the prostate.Materials and MethodsUrethral swabs and EPS samples were obtained from a consecutive sample of 752 men (mean age 32.4 years; median life-time sex partners 34) visiting urology outpatient clinics in St. Petersburg, Russia and tested for HPV DNA by general primer PCR, followed by genotyping using Luminex.ResultsOverall, 47.9% (360/752) of men were HPV-positive, with 42.0% (316/752) being positive for high-risk (HR-) HPV and 12.6% (95/752) for multiple HPV types. HPV-positivity in the EPS samples was 32.6% (27.7% HR-HPV) and in the urethral samples 25.9% (24.5% HR-HPV). 10.6% were HPV positive in both EPS and urethral samples. 6.4% had the same HPV-type in both EPS and urethral samples. 10.6% were HPV positive in both EPS and urethral samples. 6.4% had the same HPV-type in both EPS and urethral samples. The concordance between the urethral samples and EPS was 62.5% (470/752), with 80 cases double positive and 390 cases double negative in both sites. The sensitivity of urethral samples for overall HPV detection was 54.2% (195/360). Compared to analysis of urethral samples only, the analysis of EPS increased the HPV prevalence in this population with 26.2%.ConclusionEPS represent informative sampling material for the study of HPV epidemiology in the male.

Metagenomic sequencing of expressed prostate secretions

“…The HPV detected, HPV type 81, is a supposedly benign HPV type that is rather commonly detected in expressed prostate secretion samples [Smelov et al, 2013]. The HPV detected, HPV type 81, is a supposedly benign HPV type that is rather commonly detected in expressed prostate secretion samples [Smelov et al, 2013].…”

“…Other viruses were also detected, but in too few patients and in too few reads to allow for any conclusions. The HPV detected, HPV type 81, is a supposedly benign HPV type that is rather commonly detected in expressed prostate secretion samples [Smelov et al, 2013].…”

Polymerase chain reaction assay for the detection of human papillomavirus type 16 genetic material in the intraoperative material from patients with prostate cancer

“…: при скри-нинге выборки здоровых российских мужчин в ПЦР на присутствие в их мочеполовой системе ВПЧ авторы обнаружили, что 42 % из обследованных были положи-тельными по ВПЧ типов высокого онкогенного риска [5].…”

Is there an association between prostate cancer and human papillomaviruses? Returning to the unresolved problem

“…Ответа на вопрос о путях проникновения ВПЧ в предстательную железу исследователи не дали, отмечая, что различие между ВПЧ-статусом гиперплазий и РПЖ не оказалось бы столь резким, если бы вирусы попадали в предстательную ОНКОУРОЛОГИЯ 3'2017 ТОМ 13 CANCER UROLOGY 3'2017 VOL. 13 железу из соседних органов, где их нередко выявляют (уретры, прямой кишки, мочевого пузыря) [21][22][23].…”