Expressed Emotion and Schizophrenia in North India

Nn, Wig; Menon, Devadas; Bedi, H.; Leff, Julian; Kuipers, Liz; Ghosh, Aneesh; Day, Richard; Korten, A. E.; Ernberg, G.; Sartorius, Norman

doi:10.1192/bjp.151.2.160

Cited by 107 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…High expressed emotions among relatives of individuals with schizophrenia defined by the western operational criteria ranging from 67% in urban USA to 8% in rural India. [1516] In the Indian set-up, over involvement is to be expected because the individual is part of the larger kinship group. Over involvement is intertwined and that warmth might act as a key protective factor.…”

Section: Hindu Religion and Indian Traditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indianization of psychiatry utilizing Indian mental concepts

Kate

Grover

2013

Indian J Psychiatry

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Most of the psychiatry practice in India is guided by the western concepts of mental health and illness, which have largely ignored the role of religion, family, eastern philosophy, and medicine in understanding and managing the psychiatric disorders. India comprises of diverse cultures, languages, ethnicities, and religious affiliations. However, besides these diversities, there are certain commonalities, which include Hinduism as a religion which is spread across the country, the traditional family system, ancient Indian system of medicine and emphasis on use of traditional methods like Yoga and Meditation for controlling mind. This article discusses as to how mind and mental health are understood from the point of view of Hinduism, Indian traditions and Indian systems of medicine. Further, the article focuses on as to how these Indian concepts can be incorporated in the practice of contemporary psychiatry.

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Section: Hindu Religion and Indian Traditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indianization of psychiatry utilizing Indian mental concepts

Kate

Grover

2013

Indian J Psychiatry

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“…Research on expressed emotion across different national and ethnic groups suggests that the sociocultural context may influence the family's emotional climate and levels of EE (Bhugra & McKenzie, 2003). For example, low estimates of EE have particularly been found in Eastern cultural contexts (Japanese; 37% [Tanaka, Mino & Inoue, 1994], East India; 23% [Leff et al, 1987]) with rural settings showing particularly low levels (0-8% in India; Wig et al, 1987; Leff et al, 1990). The highest estimates have been found in European origin cultural contexts (Euro-Canadian; 61% [King & Dixon, 1999], Euro-American; 67% [Vaughn, Snyder, Jones, Freeman, & Falloon 1984], and British; 45% [Vaughn & Leff, 1976]).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Expressed emotion and sociocultural moderation in the course of schizophrenia.

Aguilera¹,

López²,

Breitborde³

et al. 2010

Journal of Abnormal Psychology

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This study examines whether the sociocultural context moderates the relationship between families' expressed emotion and clinical outcomes in schizophrenia. In a sample of 60 Mexican-American caregivers and their ill relatives, we first assessed whether expressed emotion (EE), and its indices (criticism, EOI and warmth), relate to relapse. Secondly, we extended the analysis of EE and its indices to a longitudinal assessment of symptomatology. Last, we tested whether bidimensional acculturation moderates the relationship between EE (and its indices) and both relapse and symptom trajectory over time. Results indicated that EOI was associated with increased relapse and that criticism was associated with increased symptomatology. Additionally as patients' Mexican enculturation (Spanish language and media involvement) decreased, EE was increasingly related to relapse. For symptomatology, as the patient's U.S. acculturation (English language and media involvement) increased, EE was associated with increased symptoms longitudinally. Our results replicate and extend past research on how culture might shape the way family factors relate to the course of schizophrenia.

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“…Wig et al . [91] have also measured the components of EE among two samples of relatives of first-contact patients from Aarhus (Denmark) and Chandigarh (India) and found that the Danes were very similar in most respects to samples of British relatives, whereas, the Indian relatives expressed significantly fewer critical comments, fewer positive remarks, and less over-involvement. There are problems with these studies and with the approach, as no normative data were collected, and without knowing what is normal in a given population it is difficult to ascertain the true levels of EE.…”

Section: Expressed Emotionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mutual learning and research messages: India, UK, and Europe

Kalra

Bhugra

2010

Indian J Psychiatry

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India and UK have had a long history together, since the times of the British Raj. Most of what Indian psychiatry is today, finds its roots in ancient Indian texts and medicine systems as much as it is influenced by the European system. Psychiatric research in India is growing. It is being influenced by research in the UK and Europe and is influencing them at the same time. In addition to the sharing of ideas and the know-how, there has also been a good amount of sharing of mental health professionals and research samples in the form of immigrants from India to the UK. The Indian mental health professionals based in UK have done a good amount of research with a focus on these Indian immigrants, giving an insight into cross-cultural aspects of some major psychiatric disorders. This article discusses the impact that research in these countries has had on each other and the contributions that have resulted from it.

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Expressed Emotion and Schizophrenia in North India

Cited by 107 publications

References 0 publications

Indianization of psychiatry utilizing Indian mental concepts

Indianization of psychiatry utilizing Indian mental concepts

Expressed emotion and sociocultural moderation in the course of schizophrenia.

Mutual learning and research messages: India, UK, and Europe

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