Exposures and Health Effects from Inorganic Agricultural Dusts

Schenker, Marc B.

doi:10.2307/3454402

Cited by 27 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Smoking is an established risk factor for chronic bronchitis and other investigators have identified interactions between smoking and occupational exposures and chronic bronchitis [Schenker 2000]. To assess potential effect modification by smoking, we used models with interaction terms involving smoking and the significant agricultural exposures.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pesticide use and chronic bronchitis among farmers in the agricultural health study

Hoppin

Valcin

Henneberger

et al. 2007

American J Industrial Med

100

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pesticide use and chronic bronchitis among farmers in the agricultural health study

Hoppin

Valcin

Henneberger

et al. 2007

American J Industrial Med

100

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“…Natural inorganic dust particles have traditionally been viewed as nonthreatening to human health after inhalation, and soil dust consisting mainly of crystalline rock has been rated less toxic compared for instance to anthropogenic soot (Taylor, 2002). However, Schenker (2000) suggest that inorganic agricultural dusts might explain some of the increase in chronic bronchitis reported in occupational studies among farmers. Wiggs et al (2003) found a link between increased dust exposure and respiratory health in the Autonomous Republic of Karakalpakstan, Uzbekistan, a region which bears similar desertification trends like Southern Ukraine.…”

Section: Health Effectsmentioning

confidence: 96%

A case of extreme particulate matter concentrations over Central Europe caused by dust emitted over the southern Ukraine

et al. 2008

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Abstract. On 24 March 2007, an extraordinary dust plume was observed in the Central European troposphere. Satellite observations revealed its origins in a dust storm in Southern Ukraine, where large amounts of soil were resuspended from dried-out farmlands at wind gusts up to 30 m s−1. Along the pathway of the plume, maximum particulate matter (PM10) mass concentrations between 200 and 1400 μg m−3 occurred in Slovakia, the Czech Republic, Poland, and Germany. Over Germany, the dust plume was characterised by a volume extinction coefficient up to 400 Mm−1 and a particle optical depth of 0.71 at wavelength 0.532 μm. In-situ size distribution measurements as well as the wavelength dependence of light extinction from lidar and Sun photometer measurements confirmed the presence of a coarse particle mode with diameters around 2–3 μm. Chemical particle analyses suggested a fraction of 75% crustal material in daily average PM10 and up to 85% in the coarser fraction PM10–2.5. Based on the particle characteristics as well as a lack of increased CO and CO2 levels, a significant impact of biomass burning was ruled out. The reasons for the high particle concentrations in the dust plume were twofold: First, dust was transported very rapidly into Central Europe in a boundary layer jet under dry conditions. Second, the dust plume was confined to a relatively stable boundary layer of 1.4–1.8 km height, and could therefore neither expand nor dilute efficiently. Our findings illustrate the capacity of combined in situ and remote sensing measurements to characterise large-scale dust plumes with a variety of aerosol parameters. Although such plumes from Southern Eurasia seem to occur rather infrequently in Central Europe, its unexpected features highlights the need to improve the description of dust emission, transport and transformation processes needs, particularly when facing the possible effects of further anthropogenic desertification and climate change.

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“…The management choices in a feed operation, for instance, affect the compounds in the mixture of emissions and complex mixes of various particles create difficulties to regulation, given the lack of information on the effect of individual components (Mitloehner and Calvo, 2008). However, it would be difficult to separate the individual health effect of a component; also it may be somewhat artificial to separate inorganic mineral dusts from other respiratory toxins (Schenker, 2000). The combined health effects of dust components (both mineral and organic) and microorganisms such as exdotoxins deserve to be further studied thorougly in different sectors and subsectors of agriculture.…”

Section: Future Research and Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, Schenker (2000) discusses that in conservation tillage, some benefits of reduced dust may be offset to some extent by an increased organic fraction resulting from the cover crop treatment. In the cover crop treatments high organic constituent was found in the respirable dust, suggesting that there may be the potential for increased allergic responses in agricultural workers due to organic dust, but the potential health effect of increased organic matter is not known (Schenker, 2000).…”

Section: Agricultural Field Operationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Farmer's lung caused by intoxicant dusts in the lower respiratory tract may result in labor loss, increased health costs, and even death in severe cases (Sabancı, 1999). The wide variety of different exposures may result in numerous respiratory diseases including bronchitis or asthma that may result from or exacerbated by organic dust (grain dusts, animal dander, plant dusts), toxic gases, and infectious agents whereas inorganic dusts and other irritants may exacerbate, if not cause, asthma (Schenker, 2000). Early studies explained that dust exposure might cause inflammation of the eyes, lungs, and the skin (Matthews and Knight, 1971), poisoning and allergy in the respiratory system (Witney, 1988), and grain fever (HSE, 2007).…”

Section: Pm Health Effects In Agriculturementioning

confidence: 99%

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