Exposure to urban particulate matter and its association with human health risks

Alemayehu, Yitayal Addis; Leta, Seyoum; Terfie, Tadesse Alemu

doi:10.1007/s11356-020-09132-1

Cited by 69 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 170 publications

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“…Obese individuals are uniquely susceptible to environmental exposures and it is currently unknown whether there is a higher rate of mortality from COVID-19 in obese patients that live in areas with increased air pollution. Epidemiological studies have indicated an association between obesity and air pollution (50,51). Studies of obese humans and animal models have demonstrated a greater decrement in pulmonary function after exposure to the criteria air pollutant ozone (O 3 ), enhanced production of proinflammatory cytokines, and markers of oxidative stress (52,53).…”

Section: Obese Individuals Have Increased Susceptibility To Environmementioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity-Driven Deficiencies of Specialized Pro-resolving Mediators May Drive Adverse Outcomes During SARS-CoV-2 Infection

et al. 2020

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Obesity is a major independent risk factor for increased morbidity and mortality upon infection with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), which is responsible for the current coronavirus disease pandemic (COVID-19). Therefore, there is a critical need to identify underlying metabolic factors associated with obesity that could be contributing toward increased susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 in this vulnerable population. Here, we focus on the critical role of potent endogenous lipid metabolites known as specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) that are synthesized from polyunsaturated fatty acids. SPMs are generated during the transition of inflammation to resolution and have a vital role in directing damaged tissues to homeostasis; furthermore, SPMs display anti-viral activity in the context of influenza infection without being immunosuppressive. We cover evidence from rodent and human studies to show that obesity, and its co-morbidities, induce a signature of SPM deficiency across immunometabolic tissues. We further discuss how the effects of obesity upon SARS-CoV-2 infection are likely exacerbated with environmental exposures that promote chronic pulmonary inflammation and augment SPM deficits. Finally, we highlight potential approaches to overcome the loss of SPMs using dietary and pharmacological interventions. Collectively, this mini-review underscores the need for mechanistic studies on how SPM deficiencies driven by obesity and environmental exposures may exacerbate the response to SARS-CoV-2.

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Section: Obese Individuals Have Increased Susceptibility To Environmementioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity-Driven Deficiencies of Specialized Pro-resolving Mediators May Drive Adverse Outcomes During SARS-CoV-2 Infection

et al. 2020

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“…Other studies showed that fine particulate pollution (PM 2.5 ) was highly correlated with population mortality and morbidity (GBD, 2019;USEPA, 2019). Long-term exposures to high PM2.5 concentration lead to various respiratory diseases such as respiratory infections, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) even lung cancer, since PM2.5 contains various toxic substances and infectious agents that are able to penetrate into our lungs (Burnett et al, 2018;McGuinn et al, 2019;Alemayehu et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple Air Quality Monitoring Evidence of the Impacts of Large-scale Social Restrictions during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Jakarta, Indonesia

Santoso

Hopke

Permadi

et al. 2021

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Air pollution is a top contributor to global mortality. Air quality issues abound in developing Asian countries, but during COVID-19 lockdowns, urban air quality improved due to the reduction in public mobility and fuel consumption. In Indonesia, the Large-Scale Social Restriction (LSSR) program was implemented to prevent the wider spread of COVID-19, especially in large urban areas. It was not a total lockdown program but had the purpose of reducing urban public mobility.This study investigated the effects of social restrictions on air quality in Jakarta, Indonesia. Data were obtained from our long-term monitoring of fine (PM2.5) and coarse particulate matter (PM2.5-10) and compositions collected at a site in South Jakarta. Other data were obtained from the environmental protection agency's (EPA's) air quality monitoring station in Central Jakarta including PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO2, CO, and O3. The spatial distribution of aerosol optical depth (AOD) in Jakarta measured by a sun photometer and satellite data were used to assess the spatial distribution of AOD across Jakarta. During the first LSSR implementation period from 15 March to 30 May 2020, there were decreased average SO2, CO, NO, NO2, and NOX concentrations of 40 to 60% compared to the same period in 2019. However, O3 increased by 33% likely due to reduction in NOX emissions. The PM2.5 decline reached ~40%, but a similar decline was not observed for PM10. Elemental and black carbon concentration data showed reductions that ranged

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“…Then it collects inflammatory cells into adipose and other tissues [ 41 ]. The toxic reactions of high levels of air pollution (including PM 2.5 and ultrafine particles) are known to lead to reactions such as lipogenesis, lipolysis, and hypothalamic inflammation due to excessive intake or high-fat diet [ 42 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Municipal Residence Level of Long-Term PM10 Exposure Associated with Obesity among Young Adults in Seoul, Korea

Kim

Yoon

2020

IJERPH

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Background: long-term effects of ambient pollutants used to be defined in cohort studies using biomarkers. Health effects on young adults from long-term exposure to particulate matters (PM) in residential ambiance have received less attention. Methods: using the data of population-representative aged 19–29 in Seoul, the relationship between obesity and PM10 levels of the living district was examined. We defined obesity as Body Mass Index (BMI) 25 kg/m2 and more. Survey logistic regression was conducted according to individual residence periods in the current municipality. Individual characteristics were adjusted overall and were age-specific; aged 19–24 and 25–29. Results: study population was 3655 (1680 (46%) men and 1933 aged 19–24 (52.9%)) individuals. Relationship between length of residence in municipalities with a greater level of PM10 from 2001–2005 and obesity was increased over the residing period; 10 years ≤ (odds ratio (OR) 1.071, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.969–1.185), 15 years ≤ (1.120, 1.006–1.247), and 20 years ≤ (1.158, 1.034–1.297) in aged 19–29. Age-specific effects showed slight differences. Conclusions: Although PM10 levels are currently decreasing, higher levels of PM10 exposure in the residential area during the earlier lifetime may contribute to obesity increase among young adults.

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Exposure to urban particulate matter and its association with human health risks

Cited by 69 publications

References 170 publications

Obesity-Driven Deficiencies of Specialized Pro-resolving Mediators May Drive Adverse Outcomes During SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Obesity-Driven Deficiencies of Specialized Pro-resolving Mediators May Drive Adverse Outcomes During SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Multiple Air Quality Monitoring Evidence of the Impacts of Large-scale Social Restrictions during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Jakarta, Indonesia

Municipal Residence Level of Long-Term PM10 Exposure Associated with Obesity among Young Adults in Seoul, Korea

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