Exposure‐to‐treatment interval and clinical severity in canine poisoning: a retrospective analysis at a Portland Veterinary Emergency Center

Abstract

The amount of published information regarding the exposure-totreatment interval (ETI) and the severity of canine poisoning cases is limited. The ETI is a critical factor in the effectiveness and risk:benefit ratio of decontamination of the upper digestive tract by induction of emesis, gastric lavage and single-dose activated charcoal (Krenzelok et al.Chyka et al., 2005). The efficiency and risk:benefit ratio of upper gastrointestinal (UGI) decontamination following poisoning declines rapidly as the ETI increases, particularly when this interval exceeds 1-2 h (Krenzelok et al.

Poisoning of dogs and cats by drugs intended for human use

“…Schlesinger, 1995;Richardson, 2000;Mariani and Fulton, 2001;Wallace et al, 2002;MacNaughton, 2003;Barbier, 2005;Cope et al, 2006;Hawkins and Sutton, 2009;Caloni et al, 2014Cat Anvik, 1984Ilkiw and Ratcliffe, 1987;Aronson and Drobatz, 1996;Richardson, 2000;Allen, 2003;Barbier, 2005;Hawkins and Sutton, 2009;Caloni et al, 2014 mucous membranes, dilated pupils and tachycardia, along with vomiting and diarrhoea, are also commonly reported (Campbell and Chapman, 2000;Bischoff and Mukai, 2012). In the past, terfenadine, a second generation antihistamine now no longer available in many countries, was most frequently involved (Otto and Greentree, 1994;Campbell and Chapman, 2000).…”

“…Benzodiazepines Alprazolam Bertini et al, 1995;Wismer, 2002;Cope et al, 2006;Bromazepam Bertini et al, 1995;Gusson et al, 2002Clonazepam Bertini et al, 1995Chapman, 2000 Diazepam Bertini et al, 1995;Campbell and Chapman, 2000;Cope et al, 2006Lorazepam Bertini et al, 1995Cope et al, 2006Nitrazepam Bertini et al, 1995Campbell and Chapman, 2000Nordazepam Bertini et al, 1995Oxazepam Bertini et al, 1995Temazepam Campbell and Chapman, 2000Zolazepam Bertini et al, 1995 sedative-hypnotic drugs Zolpidem Richardson et al, 2002;Cope et al, 2006;Czopowicz et …”

“…Chemical structure References Acetyl salicylic acid Salycilates Jones et al, 1992;Giuliano Albo and Nebbia, 2004;Cope et al, 2006;Berny et al, 2010;Khan and McLean, 2012;Mahdi and Van der Merwe, 2013;Caloni et al, 2014 Diclofenac Phenylacetic acids Campbell and Chapman, 2000;Khan and McLean, 2012;Caloni et al, 2014 Ibuprofen Proprionic acids Spyridakis et al, 1986;Jones et al, 1992;Poortinga and Hungerford, 1998;Campbell and Chapman, 2000;Giuliano Albo and Nebbia, 2004;Cope et al, 2006;Monaghan and Sutton, 2008;Berny et al, 2010;Khan and McLean, 2012;Mahdi and Van der Merwe, 2013;Bolfer et al, 2014;Caloni et al, 2014 Indomethacin Indole acetic acids Jones et al, 1992;Campbell and Chapman, 2000;Khan and McLean, 2012;Caloni et al, 2014 Meloxicam Oxicams Khan and McLean, 2012;Caloni et al, 2014 Naproxen Proprionic acids Campbell and Chapman, 2000;Cope et al, 2006;Khan and McLean, 2012;Caloni et al, 2014Nimesulide Sulphonamides Borku et al, 2008Caloni et al, 2014 Table 2 Cases of paracetamol (acetaminophen) ingestion reported in dogs and cats. Schlesinger, 1995;Richardson, 2000;Mariani and Fulton, 2001;…”

Schokoladenintoxikation bei einem Hund

“…Nach einer aktuellen amerikanischen Studie zählt die Aufnahme von Schokolade mit ca. 25% zu den häufigsten Giftstoffaufnahmen beim Hund (4). In einigen Fällen entwickeln die Patienten auch klinisch manifeste Symptome einer Vergiftung.…”

“…am besten < 1 Stunde) zurückliegenden Ingestion sollte Emesis ausgelöst werden, sofern das Allgemeinbefinden des Patienten dies zulässt(4). Bei längerem Zeitabstand ist eine Resorption(20) bzw.…”