Exposure to secondhand smoke and risk of peripheral arterial disease in southern Chinese non-smokers: The Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study-Cardiovascular Disease Sub-cohort

Lu, Liya; Jiang, Chaoqiang; Mackay, DF; Pell, Jill P.; Cheng, Kar Keung; Lam, Tai Hing; Thomas, G. Neil

doi:10.1177/1708538116673018

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(51 reference statements)

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“…Even limited levels of SHS exposure are associated with 25-30% increased CVD risk [4][5][6]. Compared to non-exposed never smokers and following adjustment for potential confounding factors, middle-aged never smokers with ≥25 h/week SHS exposure at home displayed 7.86 fold elevated risk of peripheral arterial disease [31]. A recent meta-analyses conducted among 23 prospective and 17 case-control studies revealed that the pooled relative risk (RR) for CVD (n=38 studies) in never smokers exposed to SHS, as compared to their nonexposed counterparts, is 1.23 (95% CI: 1.16-1.31) [3].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure to second hand smoke and 10-year (2002–2012) incidence of cardiovascular disease in never smokers: The ATTICA cohort study

Critselis

Panagiotakos

Georgousopoulou

et al. 2019

International Journal of Cardiology

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Background: Despite WHO Framework Convention of Tobacco Control (FCTC) adoption, effective implementation of national smoking bans remains pending in several countries. This study quantified the association of second hand smoke (SHS) exposure and 10-year cardiovascular disease (CVD) among never smokers in such settings. Methods: In 2001-2002, a sample of 1,514 males and 1,528 females (18-89 years old) were randomly selected in Greece. Frequency and duration of SHS exposure (i.e. exposure extending >30 minutes/day) within the home and/or workplace were assessed by interview. Following a 10-year follow-up period (2002-2012), incidence of non-fatal and fatal CVD (ICD-10) was evaluated among n=2,020 participants. The analytic study sample consisted of all never smokers (n=910). Results: Despite national smoking ban implementation (2009), 44.6% (n=406) of never smokers reported SHS exposure. While SHS exposed never smokers exhibited a more favorable profile of CVD-related risk factors at baseline, they subsequently developed similar 10-year CVD incidence rates, at a younger mean age (p=0.001), to their non-exposed counterparts. Following adjustment for several lifestyle and clinical factors, SHS exposed never smokers exhibited a twofold elevated 10-year CVD risk (adj. HR: 2.04, 95% CI: 1.43-2.92), particularly among women (adj. HR: 2.45, 95% CI: 1.45-4.06). SHS exposure accounted for 32% excess Population Attributable Risk (PAR) for 10-year CVD events in never smokers, with highest rates (PAR: 52%) being among those exposed in the workplace. Conclusion: The prevention of SHS associated CVD and related healthcare costs mandates additional strategies for securing the effective implementation of comprehensive WHO FCTC based national smoking bans.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure to second hand smoke and 10-year (2002–2012) incidence of cardiovascular disease in never smokers: The ATTICA cohort study

Critselis

Panagiotakos

Georgousopoulou

et al. 2019

International Journal of Cardiology

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“…Cigarette smoking has been implicated as a risk factor for ocular diseases such as age-related macular degeneration 30,31 and retinal vein occlusion. 32 It is also a known risk factor for stroke, 33 cardiovascular diseases, 34,35 and peripheral vascular diseases. 36 Based on the present study, the ex-smoker and active smoker groups were not found to be significantly associated with PACG.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Malay Glaucoma Eye Study: cigarette smoking and primary angle closure glaucoma

Salim¹,

Selvarajah²,

Bt³

et al. 2019

MyJO

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Introduction: The detrimental effects of cigarette smoking include impairment of optic nerve head perfusion and elevation of oxidative stress levels, which are believed to be part of the pathogenesis of glaucoma. However, there is no evidence on the effect of cigarette smoking as a risk for primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG). Purpose: To determine the association between cigarette smoking and PACG in Malay patients. Study design: Case control study. Materials and methods: Two-hundred Malay PACG patients and 250 controls from three tertiary hospitals in Malaysia were involved in this study. PACG patients were diagnosed based on the World Glaucoma Association consensus. The smoking status was documented using validated questionnaire adopted from Singapore Malays Eye Study through face-to-face interview. Smoking status was divided into active smokers, ex-smokers, passive smokers, and non-smokers. The association of smoking and PACG was analysed with multiple logistic regression. Confounders such as age, gender, education status, and body mass index (BMI) were considered in the analysis. Results: There was female preponderance in PACG with 3:1 ratio. Active smokers (p = 0.656) and ex-smokers (0.073) were not significantly associated with PACG in Malays. Passive smoking significantly increased the risk of PACG by 6.8-fold (95% CI 2.49,18.67; p < 0.001). Number of cigarettes/day (p = 0.144) and duration of smoking (p = 0.176) were also not significantly associated with PACG (p = 0.144). No formal education, primary and secondary education level increased the risk of PACG (p < 0.001). Each unit increment of BMI increased the risk of PACG by 1.14-fold (95% CI 1.03, 1.27; p = 0.014). A year increased in age increased the risk by 1.05 times (95% CI 1.00, 1.09; p = 0.026). Conclusions: There is no significant association between active smoking and PACG. Passive smoking is a potential risk factor for PACG. The preponderance of women may contribute to this result. However, quantification of exposure to passive smoking is not possible in this study.

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Association between secondhand smoke and peripheral arterial disease: a meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies

Chuang

Watanabe

et al. 2022

Int Arch Occup Environ Health

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Exposure to secondhand smoke and risk of peripheral arterial disease in southern Chinese non-smokers: The Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study-Cardiovascular Disease Sub-cohort

Cited by 5 publications

References 24 publications

Exposure to second hand smoke and 10-year (2002–2012) incidence of cardiovascular disease in never smokers: The ATTICA cohort study

Exposure to second hand smoke and 10-year (2002–2012) incidence of cardiovascular disease in never smokers: The ATTICA cohort study

Malay Glaucoma Eye Study: cigarette smoking and primary angle closure glaucoma

Association between secondhand smoke and peripheral arterial disease: a meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies

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