Exposure to Roundup® affects behaviour, head regeneration and reproduction of the freshwater planarian Girardia tigrina

López, Ana Moráis; Sarmento, Renato Almeida; Saraiva, Althiéris de Souza; Pereira, Renata Ramos; Soares, Amadeu M.V.M.; Pestana, João L.T.

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.04.234

Cited by 35 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…Although these types of measures are still in use today, some researchers have also begun to develop quantitative measures of regeneration to allow for the detection of subtler defects that may arise from developmentally toxic chemicals. Manual measurements of blastema length at different regeneration time points have been used to measure regeneration kinematics (Córdova López et al., 2019; Rodrigues Macêdo et al., 2019). Notably, this technique does not incorporate any measures to scale by the original size of the planarian.…”

Section: Commentarymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This set of protocols is appropriate to study conditions where one desires to investigate effects on stem cell dynamics (proliferation, migration, differentiation) and patterning, all processes relevant to development. A variety of toxicant classes, including solvents, disinfectants, pesticides, and silver nanoparticles, have been found to affect blastema regeneration (Córdova López et al., 2019; Hagstrom et al., 2015; Kustov et al., 2014; Rodrigues Macêdo et al., 2019). Moreover, a lack of defects in blastema regeneration can be an equally important observation.…”

Section: Commentarymentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Simple Method for Quantifying Blastema Growth in Regenerating Planarians

et al. 2023

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Due to their strong regenerative capabilities, freshwater planarians are a wellsuited model system for studying the effects of chemicals on stem cell biology and regeneration. After amputation, a planarian will regenerate the missing body parts within 1 to 2 weeks. Because planarians have a distinct head morphology that can be easily identified, head and eye regeneration has been a popular qualitative measure of toxicity. However, qualitative measures can only detect strong defects. Here, we present protocols for quantifying the rate of blastema growth to measure regeneration defects for assessment of chemical toxicity. Following amputation, a regenerative blastema forms at the wound site. Over the course of several days, the blastema grows and subsequently reforms the missing anatomical structures. This growth can be measured by imaging the regenerating planarian. As the blastema tissue is unpigmented, it can be easily distinguished from the remaining pigmented body using standard image analysis techniques. Basic Protocol 1 provides a step-by-step guide for imaging regenerating planarians over several days of regeneration. Basic Protocol 2 describes the necessary steps for the quantification of blastema size using freeware. It is accompanied by video tutorials to facilitate adaptation. Basic Protocol 3 shows how to calculate the growth rate using linear curve fitting in a spreadsheet. The ease of implementation and low cost make this procedure suitable for an undergraduate laboratory teaching setting, in addition to typical research settings. Although we focus on head regeneration in Dugesia japonica, these protocols are adaptable to other wound sites and planarian species.

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Section: Commentarymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Commentarymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Simple Method for Quantifying Blastema Growth in Regenerating Planarians

et al. 2023

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“…(B) Regeneration process monitoring for each condition: control conditions in water and enzyme solution, paraoxon-ethyl at 0.5 µM and its degradation product and paraoxon-ethyl at 5 µM and its degradation product. (2020) 10:3843 | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-60846-1 www.nature.com/scientificreports www.nature.com/scientificreports/ active ingredient of the widespread herbicide Roundup, have led to similar abnormalities in planarians in recent studies 42,43 . evaluation of behavioral disruptions in planarians.…”

Section: Impact Of Paraoxon-ethyl On Cholinesterase Activities and Prmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzymatic decontamination of paraoxon-ethyl limits long-term effects in planarians

Poirier¹,

Plener²,

Daudé³

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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organophosphorus compounds (op) are highly toxic molecules used as insecticides that inhibit cholinesterase enzymes involved in neuronal transmission. the intensive use of op for vector control and agriculture has led to environmental pollutions responsible for severe intoxications and putative long-term effects on humans and wild animals. Many in vivo models were studied over the years to assess OP acute toxicity, but the long-term effects are poorly documented. Planarian, a freshwater flatworm having a cholinergic system, has emerged as a new original model for addressing both toxicity and developmental perturbations. We used Schmidtea mediterranea planarians to evaluate long-term effects of paraoxon-ethyl at two sublethal concentrations over three generations. Toxicity, developmental perturbations and disruption of behavior were rapidly observed and higher sensitivity to paraoxon-ethyl of next generations was noticed suggesting that low insecticide doses can induce transgenerational effects. With the view of limiting OP poisoning, Ssopox, an hyperthermostable enzyme issued from the archaea Saccharolobus solfataricus, was used to degrade paraoxon-ethyl prior to planarian exposure. The degradation products, although not lethal to the worms, were found to decrease cholinesterase activities for the last generation of planarians and to induce abnormalities albeit in lower proportion than insecticides.

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“…The suggested mode of action of glyphosate is the inhibition of the key enzyme involved in aromatic aminoacid synthesis in plants and many microorganisms, compromising protein synthesis and growth, which ultimately leads to cellular disarray and death [ 29 ]. Glyphosate (Gly) is highly soluble in water, and it has been detected in different aquatic ecosystems adjacent to intensive agricultural areas [ 30 ]. Measured concentrations of glyphosate in surface waters have ranged from 2.7 to 10 mg a.e./L [ 31 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can Glyphosate and Temperature Affect the Nutritional Lipid Quality in the Mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis?

Biandolino

Prato

Grattagliano

et al. 2023

Foods

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Mussels are an important source of the essential omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs), which play a critical role in human health, preventing a variety of diseases. This study aimed to evaluate, for the first time, the combined effect of glyphosate (Gly) and culturing temperature on the lipid content and fatty acid (FA) profile of the Mediterranean mussel M. galloprovincialis. In addition, a number of lipid nutritional quality indices (LNQIs) were applied as important tools to assess the nutritional value of food. Mussels were exposed for 4 days to two Gly concentrations (1 mg/L, 10 mg/L) and two temperatures (T°: 20–26 °C). Statistical analysis showed significant effects of T°C, Gly, and T°C × Gly interaction (p < 0.05) on the lipid and FA profiles of M. galloprovincialis. Mussels exposed to 10 mg/L Gly at 20 °C showed a decrease in eicosapentaenoic (EPA, from 14.6% to 12% of total FAs) and docosahexaenoic acids (DHA, from 10% to 6.4% of total FAs), compared to the control mussels. Both stressors caused a considerable decrease in n-3 PUFAs, which resulted in a less favorable n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio. Overall, this study demonstrated a decline in the nutritive values of mussels, most prominently in groups exposed to 10 mg/L Gly at a temperature of 20 °C and in those exposed to a temperature of 26 °C. This was confirmed by such LNQIs as EPA + DHA, PUFA/Saturated FAs, atherogenic and thrombogenic indices (AI and TI), the health promoting index (HPI), and the unsaturation index (UI). Further investigations into chronic exposure to both stressors are desirable to predict the impacts on aquatic ecosystems and food quality.

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Exposure to Roundup® affects behaviour, head regeneration and reproduction of the freshwater planarian Girardia tigrina

Cited by 35 publications

References 82 publications

A Simple Method for Quantifying Blastema Growth in Regenerating Planarians

A Simple Method for Quantifying Blastema Growth in Regenerating Planarians

Enzymatic decontamination of paraoxon-ethyl limits long-term effects in planarians

Can Glyphosate and Temperature Affect the Nutritional Lipid Quality in the Mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis?

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