Exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances through the consumption of fish from lakes affected by aqueous film-forming foam emissions — A combined epidemiological and exposure modeling approach. The SAMINOR 2 Clinical Study

Hansen, Solrunn; Vestergren, Robin; Herzke, Dorte; Melhus, Marita; Evenset, Anita; Hanssen, Linda; Brustad, Magritt; Sandanger, Torkjel M.

doi:10.1016/j.envint.2016.05.030

Cited by 37 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Pair‐wise correlations between PFAS concentrations have been assessed in several studies. Pair‐wise correlations for the four most prominent PFASs in general European populations (PFOA, PFNA, PFHxS and PFOS) were summarised based on various studies (without known pronounced contamination of drinking water) from Table B.2 in Appendix B (Bao et al., ; Cariou et al., ; Hansen et al., ; Bach et al., ; Sochorová et al., ; Ingelido et al., (non‐exposed subjects)). High correlations indicate similar exposure pathways among PFASs, while low correlations indicate distinct exposure pathways for specific compounds.…”

Section: Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also in most of the individual studies contributing to calculations of medians of medians, both for adults and children, these four PFASs were predominant (e.g. Fromme et al., ; Haug et al., 2011b; Bjermo et al., ; Bao et al., ; Denys et al., ; Mørck et al., ; Bach et al., ; Hansen et al., ; Papadopoulou et al., ; Stubleski et al., ; Bartolome et al., ; Grandjean et al., 2017a; Sochorová et al., ; Timmermann et al., 2017a; Averina et al., ; Heffernan et al., ; Ingelido et al., ). As can be noted from Figure , the relative contribution of the different PFASs differs between children and adults.…”

Section: Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Risk to human health related to the presence of perfluoroalkyl substances in food

Schrenk¹,

Bignami²,

Bodin³

et al. 2020

EFS2

274

265

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The European Commission asked EFSA for a scientific evaluation on the risks to human health related to the presence of perfluoroalkyl substances ( PFAS s) in food. Based on several similar effects in animals, toxicokinetics and observed concentrations in human blood, the CONTAM Panel decided to perform the assessment for the sum of four PFAS s: PFOA , PFNA , PFH xS and PFOS . These made up half of the lower bound ( LB ) exposure to those PFAS s with available occurrence data, the remaining contribution being primarily from PFAS s with short half‐lives. Equal potencies were assumed for the four PFAS s included in the assessment. The mean LB exposure in adolescents and adult age groups ranged from 3 to 22, the 95th percentile from 9 to 70 ng/kg body weight (bw) per week. Toddlers and ‘other children’ showed a twofold higher exposure. Upper bound exposure was 4‐ to 49‐fold higher than LB levels, but the latter were considered more reliable. ‘Fish meat’, ‘Fruit and fruit products’ and ‘Eggs and egg products’ contributed most to the exposure. Based on available studies in animals and humans, effects on the immune system were considered the most critical for the risk assessment. From a human study, a lowest BMDL 10 of 17.5 ng/ mL for the sum of the four PFAS s in serum was identified for 1‐year‐old children. Using PBPK modelling, this serum level of 17.5 ng/ mL in children was estimated to correspond to long‐term maternal exposure of 0.63 ng/kg bw per day. Since accumulation over time is important, a tolerable weekly intake ( TWI ) of 4.4 ng/kg bw per week was established. This TWI also protects against other potential adverse effects observed in humans. Based on the estimated LB exposure, but also reported serum levels, the CONTAM Panel concluded that parts of the European population exceed this TWI , which is of concern.

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Section: Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk to human health related to the presence of perfluoroalkyl substances in food

Schrenk¹,

Bignami²,

Bodin³

et al. 2020

EFS2

274

265

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The population exposure and related health effects are yet subject to further investigation [ 12 , 13 , 14 ], not least concerning AFFF. In Sweden, approximately one-third of the airfields were connected to the source water contamination due to historical AFFF emission [ 15 , 16 ]. In present study, the investigated area represents the case of severe drinking water contamination, with over 16,000 individuals exposed among the population between the 1980s and 2013 [ 17 , 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the Sediment Organic vs. Mineral Content on Distribution of the Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in Lake Sediment

Mussabek

Persson

Berndtsson

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Contamination of the water and sediment with per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) was studied for the lake impacted by the release of PFAS-containing aqueous film forming foam (AFFF). PFAS concentrations were analyzed in lake water and sediment core samples. ΣPFAS concentrations were in the range of 95–100 ng L−1 in the lake water and 3.0–61 µg kg−1 dry weight (dw) in sediment core samples, both dominated by perfluorohexane sulfonate, perfluorooctane sulfonate; 6:2 fluortelomer sulfonate was inconsistently present in water and sediment core samples. The sediment–water partitioning coefficients (log Kd) were estimated and ranged 0.6–2.3 L kg−1 for individual perfluoroalkyl carboxylates (PFCAs) and 0.9–5.6 L kg−1 for individual perfluoroalkane sulfonates (PFSAs). The influence of the sediment inorganic content and organic matter on PFAS distribution was investigated. In studied sediments, the mineral content (corresponding to <5% of the bulk media mass) was mainly represented by sulfur, iron and calcium. The PFAS distribution was found strongly connected to the sediment mineral content (i.e., Fe, Pb, Rb and As), whereas the sediment organic carbon content did not to have a direct influence on the PFAS distribution. The aim of this study was to improve our understanding of the PFAS distribution in the natural heterogeneous media.

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“…Повышенный интерес к локальным источникам воздействия, к которым относятся объекты с применением фторсодержащих пенообразователей, связан с обеспокоенностью поступления опасных веществ в подземные воды, предназначенные для питьевого водоснабжения. Судя по публикациям последних лет, рассматриваются различные аспекты последствий загрязнения окружающей среды ПФАВ [9,41,52,53,62,63]. В США ПФАВ включены в Программу мони торинга нерегулируемых загрязняющих веществ (UCMR3) Агентства по охране окружающей среды; по результатам исследований 2013-2015 гг.…”

unclassified

“…Опасность распространения соединений ПФАВ с загрязненными подземными водами в слу чае их использования для сельскохозяйственных целей связана с аккумуляцией загрязняющих веществ в почвах и последующим их поступлением в растениеводческую и животноводческую продукцию [9]. На основании экспериментальных исследований и моделирования подтвержде ны негативные последствия применения фторсодержащих пен, выражающиеся в накоплении ПФАВ в организме человека (сыворотке крови) при потреблении рыбы из озер, подвергшихся воздействию пенообразователей [62,64].…”

unclassified

Fluorinated fire-figthing foams: manufacture, applications, ecological consequences

Kukharchyk

2019

Vescì Akademìì navuk Belarusì. Seryâ himičnyh navuk

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Information on the production and use of fluorine-containing foaming agents intended for foam extinguishing of fires with oils and other flammable liquids as well as ecological consequences are reviewed in the article. It is shown that poly- and/or perfluorinated compounds usage for fire-fighting foam production led to the emergence of a large group of hazardous chemicals in the environment, including perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS). General information about fluorine-containing foaming agents, their manufacturers and labelling, properties, possible volumes of production and application on a global scale are given. It is shown that the use of fire-fighting foam to extinguish fires, as well as during training, leads to direct discharges of PFOS, PFOA and other fluorine-containing compounds into the environment. The results of studies carried out in various EU countries, Norway, the USA, Canada and Australia, which testify to high concentrations of PFOS, PFOA and other fluoride-containing compounds in groundwater and surface waters as well as in soils, are discussed. The highest levels of contamination are found in the sites where fluorine-containing foaming agents are used. The danger of fluoride-containing compounds entering the human body with contaminated drinking water and food products is shown.

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Exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances through the consumption of fish from lakes affected by aqueous film-forming foam emissions — A combined epidemiological and exposure modeling approach. The SAMINOR 2 Clinical Study

Cited by 37 publications

References 57 publications

Risk to human health related to the presence of perfluoroalkyl substances in food

Risk to human health related to the presence of perfluoroalkyl substances in food

Impact of the Sediment Organic vs. Mineral Content on Distribution of the Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in Lake Sediment

Fluorinated fire-figthing foams: manufacture, applications, ecological consequences

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