Exposure to Nitrogen Dioxide in Buses, Taxis, and Bicycles in Perth, Western Australia

Farrar, D.; Dingle, P.; Tan, R.

doi:10.1007/s00128-001-0024-z

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…5,6,37 Additionally, canyon-like street confi guration reduces the dispersive and catalytic action of environmental and meteorological factors, thus trapping the pollutants. 8,31,41 Commuters' microenvironment sensitivity to surr ounding pollutants depends on the rate of air interchange of the microenvironment. Active commuters, and commuters using motorised transport with open windows, have a high rate of air interchange, increasing their exposure to high pollutant concen trations 41,36,53 and pollutant hotspots like intersections and traffi c lights.…”

Section: Ratiomentioning

confidence: 99%

Levels of ambient air pollution according to mode of transport: a systematic review

Cepeda

Schoufour

Freak‐Poli

et al. 2017

The Lancet Public Health

272

135

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Section: Ratiomentioning

confidence: 99%

Levels of ambient air pollution according to mode of transport: a systematic review

Cepeda

Schoufour

Freak‐Poli

et al. 2017

The Lancet Public Health

272

135

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Equally, [18] reported that epidemiological studies have shown that symptoms of bronchitis in asthmatic children increase as a result of long term exposure to NO 2 . The levels of NO 2 in the air around the vehicular traffic junctions in the studied environments were statistically significant.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Out-Door Air Pollution Levels in Vehicular-Traffic Junctions in Nsukka Metropolis, Enugu Metropolis and Awgu Semi-Urban Area in Enugu State, Nigeria

Onyeka¹,

Ifeyinwa²,

Ernest³

et al. 2020

OJAP

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“…measuring versus assuming), and/or examining more intermediate steps between exposure and uptake or biomarkers. Includes all published papers of on-road bicyclists' pollution exposure with spatially-explicit exposure concentration data 2 "Constant" respiration means fixed respiration rates by mode or individual; "variable" respiration means varying respiration by trip or greater level of detail A: (Kleiner and Spengler 1976, Bevan et al 1991, Chan et al 1994, Kingham et al 1998, 2013, Gee and Raper 1999, Sitzmann et al 1999, Farrar et al 2001, Adams et al 2002, Chertok et al 2004, Kaur et al 2005, Hertel et al 2008, Thai et al 2008, Berghmans et al 2009, Boogaard et al 2009, Kaur and Nieuwenhuijsen 2009, McNabola et al 2009b, Bean et al 2011…”

Section: Studies Of Bicyclists' Pollution Intakementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Central values are arithmetic means unless otherwise noted (median, GM=geometric mean) 4. Variability is expressed as the range unless otherwise noted (SD=standard deviation, NR=not reported) 5. van Wijnen et al (1995) report separate values for each month/route combination; the values in the ; values reported as ppb (Chertok et al, 2004;Farrar et al, 2001) are converted using a molar gas volume of 24.45 L 2. Central values are arithmetic means unless otherwise noted (GM=geometric mean) 3.…”

Section: Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bicyclists' Uptake of Traffic-Related Air Pollution: Effects of the Urban Transportation System

Bigazzi

2000

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While bicyclists and other active travelers obtain health benefits from increased physical activity, they also risk uptake of traffic-related air pollution. But pollution uptake by urban bicyclists is not well understood due to a lack of direct measurements and insufficient analysis of the determinants of exposure and ventilation (breathing). This knowledge gap impedes pollution-conscious transportation planning, design, and health impact assessment. The research presented in this dissertation generates new connections between transportation system characteristics and pollution uptake by bicyclists. The primary research questions are: 1) how do urban bicyclists' intake and uptake of air pollution vary with roadway and travel characteristics and 2) to what extent can transportation-related strategies reduce uptake. Breath biomarkers are used to measure absorbed doses of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). This research is the first application of breath biomarkers to travelers and the first uptake measurements of any pollutant to include roadway-level covariates. Novel methods to collect and integrate bicycle, rider, traffic, and environmental data are also introduced. Bicyclist exposure concentrations, exhaled breath concentrations, respiratory physiology, and travel characteristics were collected on a wide range of facilities in Portland, Oregon. High-resolution trajectory and pollution data were then integrated with roadway and traffic data. Models of exposure, ventilation, and uptake of VOCs were estimated from the on-road data. Important new quantifications in the models include the ii effects of average daily traffic (ADT) on multi-pollutant exposure, the lagged effect of on-road workload on ventilation, and the effects of exposure and ventilation on absorbed VOCs. Estimated models are applied to situations of interest to travelers and transportation professionals. Sample applications include the inhalation dose effects of road grade, cruising speed choice, stops, and detouring to parallel low-traffic facilities. In addition, dose-minimizing routing behavior is compared with revealed routing preferences in the literature. Finally, findings from this research and the literature are distilled so that they can be incorporated into bicycle network design guidelines. iii which the whole thing would feel almost pointless. Jade is an inspiration and treasure. She had some help in her work from my wonderful family and my fantastic group of friends in Portland, to whom I owe much. In fact, without the broader bicycling community in Portland, I believe none of this would have happenedso keep on riding! v

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Exposure to Nitrogen Dioxide in Buses, Taxis, and Bicycles in Perth, Western Australia

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Levels of ambient air pollution according to mode of transport: a systematic review

Levels of ambient air pollution according to mode of transport: a systematic review

Out-Door Air Pollution Levels in Vehicular-Traffic Junctions in Nsukka Metropolis, Enugu Metropolis and Awgu Semi-Urban Area in Enugu State, Nigeria

Bicyclists' Uptake of Traffic-Related Air Pollution: Effects of the Urban Transportation System

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