Exposure to Nitrate Increases Susceptibility to Hypoxia in Fish

Isaza, Daniel F. Gomez; Cramp, Rebecca L.; Franklin, Craig E.

doi:10.1086/713252

Cited by 19 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…Similarly, high levels of suspended sediment can detrimentally impact aquatic animals by initiating a stress response (increased corticosteroids, glucose, and haematocrit and reduced leukocrit levels), reducing feeding and growth, causing physical damage to the gills (erosion of mucus lining, abrasion of tissue, sediment binds directly to gill epithelium, increased lamellar thickness, reduced interlamellar area) that clog the gills, impairing oxygen uptake, and ultimately resulting in mortality (Kemp et al, 2011; Rosewarne et al, 2014; Sutherland & Meyer, 2007). Exposure to elevated levels of nutrients and sediment can also make aquatic animals more susceptible to other concurrent threats, such as hypoxia and heat (Gomez Isaza et al, 2020c, 2021; Gorokhova et al, 2010; Rodgers et al, 2021), and future research requires a holistic investigation into how concurrent threats impact aquatic fauna.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fire and rain: A systematic review of the impacts of wildfire and associated runoff on aquatic fauna

Isaza

Cramp

Franklin

2022

Global Change Biology

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Climate and land‐use changes are expected to increase the future occurrence of wildfires, with potentially devastating consequences for freshwater species and ecosystems. Wildfires that burn in close proximity to freshwater systems can significantly alter the physicochemical properties of water. Following wildfires and heavy rain, freshwater species must contend with complex combinations of wildfire ash components (nutrients, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and metals), altered light and thermal regimes, and periods of low oxygen that together can lead to mass mortality events. However, the responses of aquatic fauna to wildfire disturbances are poorly understood. Here we provide a systematic review of available evidence on how aquatic animals respond to and recover from wildfire disturbance. Two databases (Web of Science and Scopus) were used to identify key literature. A total of 83 studies from across 11 countries were identified to have assessed the risk of wildfires on aquatic animals. We provide a summary of the main ecosystem‐level changes associated with wildfires and the main responses of aquatic fauna to such disturbances. We pay special focus to physiological tools and biomarkers used to assess how wildfires impact aquatic animals. We conclude by providing an overview of how physiological biomarkers can further our understanding of wildfire‐related impacts on aquatic fauna, and how different physiological tools can be incorporated into management and conservation plans and serve as early warning signs of wildfire disturbances.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fire and rain: A systematic review of the impacts of wildfire and associated runoff on aquatic fauna

Isaza

Cramp

Franklin

2022

Global Change Biology

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“…It is well known that prolonged periods characterised by such low values are detrimental to fish resulting in a substantial effect on growth, physiological and immune responses [71,72], but which also alter the biogeochemical cycle [73]. In this context, low levels of DO influence the mobility of nutrients, with the shift from oxidised forms (NO 3 − ) to a reduced one (NH 4 + ) [74] and the release of PO 4 3− , from the conversion of insoluble FePO 4 to the more soluble Fe 3 (PO 4 ) 2 , and H 2 S [75], and of potentially toxic elements [76][77][78][79][80].…”

Section: Dissolved Oxygenmentioning

confidence: 99%

The SHAPE Project: An Innovative Approach to Understanding Seasonal and Diel Dissolved Oxygen Dynamics in the Marano and Grado Lagoon (Adriatic Sea) under the WFD/2000/60/CE

Pittaluga

Aleffi

Bettoso

et al. 2022

JMSE

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Dissolved oxygen (DO) is a key element for the survival of marine organisms and is a supporting element in the current Water Framework Directive (WFD). DO deficiency is a common event that occurs in coastal environments such as estuaries and lagoons, but a long-term DO database that helps detect daily and seasonal oscillations is difficult to obtain with commonly used sampling and analytical procedures. In this work, a network of multi-parametric probes was deployed in the Marano and Grado Lagoon (northern Adriatic Sea, Italy) in order to obtain a dataset from the continuous monitoring of DO and complementary parameters. DO showed a high degree of variability both in terms of spatial and seasonal distribution and was dependent on solar radiation and water temperature. During the summer and in areas characterised by scarce water renewal, DO was below the threshold set as the minimum requirement for aquatic life, thus some water bodies (WBs) were classified as moderate sensu WFD. The inputs of freshwater discharge from inland and marine waters during tides are, however, able to well oxygenate most of the lagoon. These results will be useful in supporting the management and protection of this vulnerable environment.

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“…Recent evidence is mounting to show that chronic nitrate exposure can make fish more susceptible to hypoxia. For example, silver perch ( Bidyanus bidyanus ) exposed to nitrate pollution (50 or 100 NO 3 − mg l −1 ) for three weeks suffered reduced hypoxia tolerance [ 29 ]. Similar findings have also been reported in a freshwater salmonid ( Thymallus thymallus ), where hypoxia tolerance decreased by 15% in fish exposed to nitrate (50 or 200 NO 3 − mg l −1 ) for eight weeks, compared to controls (0 NO 3 − mg l −1 ) [ 30 ].…”

Section: Eutrophication: a Cocktail Of Interacting Threatsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…algal bloom formation and sediment loads), rather than understanding how aquatic ectotherms are affected by the combination of these threats. Current understanding suggests that chronic exposure to particular nutrients can increase fish susceptibility to acute temperature spikes and hypoxia [ 29 , 30 , 46 ], but research is needed on a greater diversity of species to test the wider applicability of this interaction. Nonetheless, these data suggest that nutrient pollution is not only causing a range of sub-lethal effects on aquatic ectotherms [ 28 ], but is also increasing their vulnerability to climate change.…”

Section: New Directions and Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adding climate change to the mix: responses of aquatic ectotherms to the combined effects of eutrophication and warming

Rodgers

2021

Biol. Lett.

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The threat of excessive nutrient enrichment, or eutrophication, is intensifying across the globe as climate change progresses, presenting a major management challenge. Alterations in precipitation patterns and increases in temperature are increasing nutrient loadings in aquatic habitats and creating conditions that promote the proliferation of cyanobacterial blooms. The exacerbating effects of climate warming on eutrophication are well established, but we lack an in-depth understanding of how aquatic ectotherms respond to eutrophication and warming in tandem. Here, I provide a brief overview and critique of studies exploring the cumulative impacts of eutrophication and warming on aquatic ectotherms, and provide forward direction using mechanistically focused, multi-threat experiments to disentangle complex interactions. Evidence to date suggests that rapid warming will exacerbate the negative effects of eutrophication on aquatic ectotherms, but gradual warming will induce physiological remodelling that provides protection against nutrients and hypoxia. Moving forward, research will benefit from a greater focus on unveiling cause and effect mechanisms behind interactions and designing treatments that better mimic threat dynamics in nature. This approach will enable robust predictions of species responses to ongoing eutrophication and climate warming and enable the integration of climate warming into eutrophication management policies.

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Exposure to Nitrate Increases Susceptibility to Hypoxia in Fish

Cited by 19 publications

References 84 publications

Fire and rain: A systematic review of the impacts of wildfire and associated runoff on aquatic fauna

Fire and rain: A systematic review of the impacts of wildfire and associated runoff on aquatic fauna

The SHAPE Project: An Innovative Approach to Understanding Seasonal and Diel Dissolved Oxygen Dynamics in the Marano and Grado Lagoon (Adriatic Sea) under the WFD/2000/60/CE

Adding climate change to the mix: responses of aquatic ectotherms to the combined effects of eutrophication and warming

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