Exposure to nanoparticles derived from diesel particulate filter equipped engine increases vulnerability to arrhythmia in rat hearts

Rossi, Stefano; Buccarello, Andrea; Malvezzi, Cristina Caffarra; Pinelli, Silvana; Alinovi, Rossella; Gerbolés, Amparo Guerrero; Rozzi, Giacomo; Leonardi, Fabio; Bollati, Valentina; Palma, Giuseppe De; Lagonegro, Paola; Rossi, Francesca; Lottici, Pier Paolo; Poli, Diana; Statello, Rosario; Macchi, Emilio; Miragoli, Michele

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117163

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Accordingly, DEPs have been utilized as a relevant type of pollutant particle, to study the cardiovascular complications associated with particulate air pollution exposure [ 3 ]. The dose of DEPs that we utilized in the current work (1 mg/kg or 30 µg/mouse) is similar to those employed previously by us and other authors to study the effects of pulmonary exposure to particulate air pollution [ 18 , 32 , 33 ]. Pulmonary exposure to DEPs was achieved by i.t.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Salutary Effects of Catalpol on Diesel Exhaust Particles-Induced Thrombogenic Changes and Cardiac Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Apoptosis

et al. 2022

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Inhaled particulate air pollution exerts pulmonary inflammation and cardiovascular toxicity through secondary systemic effects due to oxidative stress and inflammation. Catalpol, an iridiod glucoside, extracted from the roots of Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch, has been reported to possess anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Yet, the potential ameliorative effects of catalpol on particulate air pollution—induced cardiovascular toxicity, has not been studied so far. Hence, we evaluated the possible mitigating mechanism of catalpol (5 mg/kg) which was administered to mice by intraperitoneal injection one hour before the intratracheal (i.t.) administration of a relevant type of pollutant particle, viz. diesel exhaust particles (DEPs, 30 µg/mouse). Twenty-four hours after the lung deposition of DEPs, several cardiovascular endpoints were evaluated. DEPs caused a significant shortening of the thrombotic occlusion time in pial microvessels in vivo, induced platelet aggregation in vitro, and reduced the prothrombin time and the activated partial thromboplastin time. All these actions were effectively mitigated by catalpol pretreatment. Likewise, catalpol inhibited the increase of the plasma concentration of C-reactive proteins, fibrinogen, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and P- and E-selectins, induced by DEPs. Moreover, in heart tissue, catalpol inhibited the increase of markers of oxidative (lipid peroxidation and superoxide dismutase) and nitrosative (nitric oxide) stress, and inflammation (tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-1β) triggered by lung exposure to DEPs. Exposure to DEPs also caused heart DNA damage and increased the levels of cytochrome C and cleaved caspase, and these effects were significantly diminished by the catalpol pretreatment. Moreover, catalpol significantly reduced the DEPs-induced increase of the nuclear factor κB (NFκB) in the heart. In conclusion, catalpol significantly ameliorated DEPs–induced procoagulant events and heart oxidative and nitrosative stress, inflammation, DNA damage and apoptosis, at least partly, through the inhibition of NFκB activation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Salutary Effects of Catalpol on Diesel Exhaust Particles-Induced Thrombogenic Changes and Cardiac Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Apoptosis

et al. 2022

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“…When the size of PMs is changed, they could have different effects on human health and the environment. As an example, the latest papers published in 2020-2021 [15,26] reported that smaller PMs could have more dangerous potential on the cell toxicity properties compared with the larger ones. It is worth mentioning that, despite the changes in the shape and size of primary particles as shown in Figures 2 and 3, as well as changes in the size of agglomerate (a group of several particles connected to each other), the shape of agglomerate will almost remain unchanged (see Figure 5 for the fractal dimension as an indicator to represent the shape of the agglomerate, calculating according to Refs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Vehicle Light on Physical Properties of Particulate Matters Emitted from Vehicles

Ghadikolaei

Wong

Chen

et al. 2022

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Gasoline and diesel vehicles are one of the main sources of PMs generation which are harmful to human health and the environment. The light emitted from the headlights of these vehicles may cause to make the PMs more/less/not dangerous than the raw PMs to human health and the environment by changing their properties. However, there is no information available in this field. Therefore, this research is presented to investigate the effect of light emitted from one of the most common vehicle headlights (Halogen type) on the physical properties of PMs. Three PM samples taken directly from one diesel vehicle operating at an idle condition, and inside of a diesel particulate filter and gasoline vehicle exhaust pipe (engine was off) were exposed to the vehicle headlight for 6 hrs at 10 cm distance. It is observed that the vehicle light has the potential to change the structure, shape, and size of the PMs, while the fresh PMs from diesel vehicle receives more changes (43.5% increase in particle diameter) compared with the other two samples containing mature/aged PMs (increases of 3.6 and 9.9%, respectively). Also, the effect of the beam from the scanning electron microscope on the PM physical properties is presented.

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“…As a result, ENMs are becoming a persistent component of the air we breathe [ 2 ] and of inhaled therapies, exploiting nanoparticles to intentionally administer drugs [ 3 , 4 , 5 ]. Hence, inhaled and contact ENMs are becoming a contemporary major public health concern, as workers and the entire population [ 6 , 7 ] are daily exposed to these new materials, through direct skin interaction [ 8 ], mucous membranes or by simply breathing [ 9 ]. Therefore, nanotoxicology investigations [ 3 ] on the effects/problems caused by ENMs over time are mandatory.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Toxicology and nanomedicine studies require the mandatory step of in vivo investigations [ 7 , 28 ]. This is owed to the need to fully understand the bioavailability, fate and biodistribution of nanoparticles during and after exposure, as well as the local and systemic effects they exert.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-Dimensional Bioprinting of Organoid-Based Scaffolds (OBST) for Long-Term Nanoparticle Toxicology Investigation

Gerbolés

Galetti

Rossi

et al. 2023

IJMS

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The toxicity of nanoparticles absorbed through contact or inhalation is one of the major concerns for public health. It is mandatory to continually evaluate the toxicity of nanomaterials. In vitro nanotoxicological studies are conventionally limited by the two dimensions. Although 3D bioprinting has been recently adopted for three-dimensional culture in the context of drug release and tissue regeneration, little is known regarding its use for nanotoxicology investigation. Therefore, aiming to simulate the exposure of lung cells to nanoparticles, we developed organoid-based scaffolds for long-term studies in immortalized cell lines. We printed the viscous cell-laden material via a customized 3D bioprinter and subsequently exposed the scaffold to either 40 nm latex-fluorescent or 11–14 nm silver nanoparticles. The number of cells significantly increased on the 14th day in the 3D environment, from 5 × 105 to 1.27 × 106, showing a 91% lipid peroxidation reduction over time and minimal cell death observed throughout 21 days. Administered fluorescent nanoparticles can diffuse throughout the 3D-printed scaffolds while this was not the case for the unprinted ones. A significant increment in cell viability from 3D vs. 2D cultures exposed to silver nanoparticles has been demonstrated. This shows toxicology responses that recapitulate in vivo experiments, such as inhaled silver nanoparticles. The results open a new perspective in 3D protocols for nanotoxicology investigation supporting 3Rs.

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Exposure to nanoparticles derived from diesel particulate filter equipped engine increases vulnerability to arrhythmia in rat hearts

Cited by 15 publications

References 59 publications

The Salutary Effects of Catalpol on Diesel Exhaust Particles-Induced Thrombogenic Changes and Cardiac Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Apoptosis

The Salutary Effects of Catalpol on Diesel Exhaust Particles-Induced Thrombogenic Changes and Cardiac Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Apoptosis

Impact of Vehicle Light on Physical Properties of Particulate Matters Emitted from Vehicles

Three-Dimensional Bioprinting of Organoid-Based Scaffolds (OBST) for Long-Term Nanoparticle Toxicology Investigation

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