Exposure to fruit-flavoring during adolescence increases nicotine consumption and promotes dose escalation

Patten, Theresa; Dreier, Allison; Herman, Rae J.; Kimball, Bruce A.; Biasi, Mariella De

doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108672

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Although most participants in this study were naïve to e-cigs, the degree of liking and/or familiarity with the e-cigs that we prepared would be a confounding factor. In this context, previous research demonstrated that the e-cigs flavor has impacted to reduce cigarette use and quit smoking (Yang et al, 2020); the flavor to e-cigs was highly associated with nicotine consumption (Patten et al, 2021); and the administration of puff inhalation, breath-hold, and exhalation may increase control over amounts of acute exposure to cigarette use (Perkins and Karelitz, 2020). However, Perkins and Karelitz reported that the number of puffs and the duration of puff were different between instructed and uninstructed procedures (Perkins and Karelitz, 2020); it is possible that the smoking craving may not be completely satiated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The degree of satiety can be increased if participants vape an e-cig with their preferred flavor, which can be examined during an interview session; therefore, an extension of this study could include control condition of using the preferred flavor of e-cigs. In addition, the familiarity with the product may have an effect on the degree of satiety (Dawkins et al, 2009;Patten et al, 2021) since participants were allowed to smoke their own products for the r-cig condition, in which the familiarity might be an important confounding factor.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electronic Cigarette Vaping Did Not Enhance the Neural Process of Working Memory for Regular Cigarette Smokers

Kim

Jang

Heo

et al. 2022

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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BackgroundElectronic cigarettes (e-cigs) as substitute devices for regular tobacco cigarettes (r-cigs) have been increasing in recent times. We investigated neuronal substrates of vaping e-cigs and smoking r-cigs from r-cig smokers.MethodsTwenty-two r-cig smokers made two visits following overnight smoking cessation. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data were acquired while participants watched smoking images. Participants were then allowed to smoke either an e-cig or r-cig until satiated and fMRI data were acquired. Their craving levels and performance on the Montreal Imaging Stress Task and a 3-back alphabet/digit recognition task were obtained and analyzed using two-way repeated-measures analysis of variance. Regions-of-interest (ROIs) were identified by comparing the abstained and satiated conditions. Neuronal activation within ROIs was regressed on the craving and behavioral data separately.ResultsCraving was more substantially reduced by smoking r-cigs than by vaping e-cigs. The response time (RT) for the 3-back task was significantly shorter following smoking r-cigs than following vaping e-cigs (interaction: F (1, 17) = 5.3, p = 0.035). Neuronal activations of the right vermis (r = 0.43, p = 0.037, CI = [-0.05, 0.74]), right caudate (r = 0.51, p = 0.015, CI = [0.05, 0.79]), and right superior frontal gyrus (r = −0.70, p = 0.001, CI = [−0.88, −0.34]) were significantly correlated with the RT for the 3-back task only for smoking r-cigs.ConclusionOur findings suggest that insufficient satiety from vaping e-cigs for r-cigs smokers may be insignificant effect on working memory function.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electronic Cigarette Vaping Did Not Enhance the Neural Process of Working Memory for Regular Cigarette Smokers

Kim

Jang

Heo

et al. 2022

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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“…A recent report also revealed that adolescent male rats displayed larger shifts in preference behavior than adult males using a shorter puff duration than was used in the present study (Frie et al, 2020). Another study found that adolescent female mice escalated their consumption of a flavored nicotine solution as compared to adolescent male mice (Patten et al, 2021). Together with existing work, the present findings suggest that the discriminative stimulus and reinforcing effects of nicotine are enhanced in adolescent female rats.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex and age differences in approach behavior toward a port that delivers nicotine vapor

Espinoza

Giner

Liano

et al. 2022

J Exper Analysis Behavior

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The goal of our laboratory is to study the mechanisms that promote nicotine use, particularly in vulnerable populations. To more closely mimic human use patterns, the present study employed nicotine vapor methods involving passive exposure for 14 days in adolescent and adult female and male rats. Age and sex differences in approach behavior (nosepokes) were assessed in a port that delivered nicotine plumes on Day 1 and 14 of our exposure regimen. Controls received ambient air in exposure chambers. After the final session, rats received a nicotinic receptor antagonist to precipitate withdrawal. Then, physical signs, anxiety‐like behavior, and plasma levels of cotinine (a nicotine metabolite) were assessed. Over time, females displayed a larger increase in approach behavior to the nicotine port than males, an effect that was larger in adolescents. Nosepoke responses in adolescent females were correlated with anxiety‐like behavior, but not physical signs of withdrawal. Adolescents gained more weight than adults regardless of treatment, and the weight gain was larger in male adolescents. Female adolescents also displayed the highest levels of cotinine than all other groups. These findings suggest that nicotine vapor produces greater motivational effects in adolescent females as compared to their adult and male counterparts.

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“…Indeed, this new model may have especially strong translational validity for PTE as well as vaping given similar pharmacokinetics. Several labs have now started to use vapour models of nicotine intake and we hope to see more studies of this type in the future (Smith et al, 2020;Cooper et al, 2021;Henderson and Cooper, 2021;Lallai et al, 2021;Patten et al, 2021;Ruffolo et al, 2021;Espinoza et al, 2022).…”

Section: Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex Differences in the Behavioural Outcomes of Prenatal Nicotine and Tobacco Exposure

et al. 2022

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Smoking remains the leading cause of preventable death worldwide. A combination of biological and environmental risk factors make women especially vulnerable to nicotine addiction, making it harder for them to quit smoking. Smoking during pregnancy, therefore, is still a major health concern, with epidemiological data suggesting a role for gestational nicotine exposure in the development of several behavioural disorders. Given there are significant sex-specific behavioural outcomes related to smoking in adolescence and adulthood, it is probable that the behavioural outcomes following gestational nicotine or tobacco exposure are similarly sex-dependent. This is an especially relevant topic as the current landscape of nicotine use shifts toward vaping, a mode of high doses of nicotine delivery that is largely believed to be a safer alternative to cigarettes among the public as well as among pregnant women. Here we review existing clinical and preclinical findings regarding the sex-dependent behavioural outcomes of prenatal nicotine exposure. We also highlight the challenges within this literature, particularly those areas in which further research is necessary to improve consistency within, and between, clinical and preclinical findings.

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Exposure to fruit-flavoring during adolescence increases nicotine consumption and promotes dose escalation

Cited by 14 publications

References 66 publications

Electronic Cigarette Vaping Did Not Enhance the Neural Process of Working Memory for Regular Cigarette Smokers

Electronic Cigarette Vaping Did Not Enhance the Neural Process of Working Memory for Regular Cigarette Smokers

Sex and age differences in approach behavior toward a port that delivers nicotine vapor

Sex Differences in the Behavioural Outcomes of Prenatal Nicotine and Tobacco Exposure

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