Exposure to food advertising on television: Associations with children's fast food and soft drink consumption and obesity

Andreyeva, Tatiana; Kelly, Inas Rashad; Harris, Jennifer L.

doi:10.1016/j.ehb.2011.02.004

Cited by 319 publications

(254 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…2011; Andreyeva et al . 2011; Jones and Kervin 2010). Because promotion of energy‐rich and nutrient‐poor food products can foster rapid weight gain and increase the risk of chronic disease and obesity in children (Goris et al 2009), especially those showing poor linear growth (Lobstein et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High consumption of commercial food products among children less than 24 months of age and product promotion in Kathmandu Valley, Nepal

Pries

Huffman

Adhikary

et al. 2016

Maternal & Child Nutrition

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Commercially produced complementary foods can help improve nutritional status of young children if they are appropriately fortified and of optimal nutrient composition. However, other commercially produced snack food products may be nutritionally detrimental, potentially increasing consumption of foods high in salt or sugar and displacing consumption of other more nutritious options. Helen Keller International, in collaboration with the Nepal government, implemented a study to assess mothers' utilization of commercial food products for child feeding and exposure to commercial promotions for these products. A cross‐sectional survey was conducted among 309 mothers of children less than 24 months of age across 15 health facilities. Utilization of breastmilk substitutes was low, having been consumed by 6.2% of children 0–5 months of age and 7.5% of children 6–23 months of age. Approximately one‐fourth (24.6%) of children 6–23 months age had consumed a commercially produced complementary food in the prior day. Twenty‐eight percent of mothers reported observing a promotion for breastmilk substitutes, and 20.1% reported promotions for commercially produced complementary foods. Consumption of commercially produced snack food products was high at 74.1% of children 6–23 months. Promotions for these same commercially produced snack food products were highly prevalent in Kathmandu Valley, reported by 85.4% of mothers. In order to improve diets during the complementary feeding period, development of national standards for complementary food products is recommended. Nutritious snack options should be promoted for the complementary feeding period; consumption of commercially produced snack food products high in sugar and salt and low in nutrients should be discouraged.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High consumption of commercial food products among children less than 24 months of age and product promotion in Kathmandu Valley, Nepal

Pries

Huffman

Adhikary

et al. 2016

Maternal & Child Nutrition

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“…Our data show that the traditional acceptance of large body size is not homogeneous in this study group, indicating that plans to address weight gain may be welcomed. There is also evidence showing that exposure to fast-food adverts on TV is associated with overweight and obesity [38], suggesting that obesity risk can be addressed by limiting screen time. The finding in this study of a strong effect of adiponectin against MetS and its various metabolic components suggests an important new metabolic factor in the aetiology of the syndrome in African women.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome in ageing black South African women

Gradidge

2017

Global Health Action

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Background: The incidence of obesity and related metabolic diseases is high and increasing in sub-Saharan African women. Evidence on the determinants of these diseases is limited, particularly in black South African women. Objective: This PhD review attempts to understand the determinants of obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in a population of ageing urban-dwelling black South African women. Methods: Drawing on the longitudinal Birth-to-Twenty-Plus cohort, data were collected in 2002/03 and 2012/13, including information on behavioural factors (smoking, sitting time, physical activity, smokeless tobacco, and alcohol consumption), body-size perception, body composition (measures of adiposity and lean mass), blood pressure, and cardiometabolic biomarkers (lipid profile, fasting insulin, fasting blood glucose, insulin resistance, leptin, and adiponectin). Results: The prevalence of obesity and related cardiovascular disease risk was high and increased significantly over the 10 year period. Despite most of the study population being physically active, sitting time was high and associated with elevated blood pressure and hypertriglyceridaemia. Two groups of people were observed, those who were happy and those who were unhappy with their body size. In logistic regression analysis, the risk of MetS was lowered by abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue and adiponectin, and increased by age, smoking, truncal lean mass, and insulin resistance. Conclusions: Obesity was confirmed to be increasing in black South African women, despite most women being sufficiently active according to guidelines of ≥150 min activity/week. Nevertheless, the contribution of sitting time to poor health outcomes is evident in this study population and must be addressed, particularly in women who are content with being obese. The novel finding of the effects of abdominal subcutaneous tissue and truncal lean mass with MetS requires further investigation. The protective effect of adiponectin against MetS is an important finding which highlights the novel interaction between adiposity and cardiometabolic diseases in black South African women.

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“…Observational studies have found statistically significant positive associations between children's (3-18 years) exposure to food marketing and their food choice, consumption and usual intake [46][47][48][49][50][51], with effect sizes ranging from small (odds ratio (OR) <2) to moderate-strong (OR ≥3 or <4) [52]. Marketing exposure was assessed through either parental or self-report or using data on advertising patterns, including Gross Ratings Points (GRPs).…”

Section: Observational Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Marketing and Advertising on Food Behaviours: Evaluating the Evidence for a Causal Relationship

et al. 2016

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The prevention of overweight in childhood is paramount to long term heart-health. Food marketing predominately promotes unhealthy products which if over-consumed will lead to overweight. International health expert calls for further restriction of children's exposure to food marketing remain relatively unheeded, with a lack of evidence showing a causal link between food marketing and children's dietary behaviours and obesity an oft cited reason for this policy inertia. This direct link is difficult to measure and quantify with a multiplicity of determinants contributing to dietary intake and the development of overweight. The Bradford Hill Criteria provide a credible framework by which epidemiological studies may be examined to consider whether a causal interpretation of an observed association is valid. This paper draws upon current evidence that examines the relationship between food marketing, across a range of different media, and children's food behaviours, and appraises these studies against Bradford Hill's causality framework. IntroductionCardiovascular disease (CVD) is largely preventable, yet, globally, it contributes to the greatest burden of premature mortality [1]. Modifiable, diet-related CVD risk factors include overweight and obesity and high consumption of saturated and trans fatty acids, refined carbohydrates and sodium [2,3]. Establishing healthy dietary behaviours and maintaining a healthy weight in childhood is paramount for maximising heart-health [4], however within our current food environment, this has never been more challenging.

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Exposure to food advertising on television: Associations with children's fast food and soft drink consumption and obesity

Cited by 319 publications

References 25 publications

High consumption of commercial food products among children less than 24 months of age and product promotion in Kathmandu Valley, Nepal

High consumption of commercial food products among children less than 24 months of age and product promotion in Kathmandu Valley, Nepal

Factors associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome in ageing black South African women

The Impact of Marketing and Advertising on Food Behaviours: Evaluating the Evidence for a Causal Relationship

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