Exposure to enriched environment restores the survival and differentiation of new born cells in the hippocampus and ameliorates depressive symptoms in chronically stressed rats

Veena, Jayagopalan; Srikumar, B.N.; Raju, T.R.; Rao, B.S. Shankaranarayana

doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2009.03.059

Cited by 123 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…These environmental enrichments also reduce anxiety-, depressive-, and schizophrenic-related behaviors in animal models of illness (Jha et al, 2011;McOmish et al, 2008;Veena et al, 2009b). The effects of housing environments on adult neurogenesis and behavior in animals may parallel environmental effects on mental illness in humans, although it is unclear exactly what type of experience is modeled by enrichment of rodent cages.…”

Section: Effects Of Rewarding Experiences On Adult Neurogenesis and Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adult Neurogenesis and Mental Illness

Schoenfeld

Cameron

2014

Neuropsychopharmacol

162

121

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Several lines of evidence suggest that adult neurogenesis, the production of new neurons in adulthood, may play a role in psychiatric disorders, including depression, anxiety, and schizophrenia. Medications and other treatments for mental disorders often promote the proliferation of new neurons; the time course for maturation and integration of new neurons in circuitry parallels the delayed efficacy of psychiatric therapies; adverse and beneficial experiences similarly affect development of mental illness and neurogenesis; and ablation of new neurons in adulthood alters the behavioral impact of drugs in animal models. At present, the links between adult neurogenesis and depression seem stronger than those suggesting a relationship between new neurons and anxiety or schizophrenia. Yet, even in the case of depression there is currently no direct evidence for a causative role. This article reviews the data relating adult neurogenesis to mental illness and discusses where research needs to head in the future.

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Section: Effects Of Rewarding Experiences On Adult Neurogenesis and Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adult Neurogenesis and Mental Illness

Schoenfeld

Cameron

2014

Neuropsychopharmacol

162

121

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“…Among non-drug treatments that have behavioral antidepressant effects and also elevate adult neurogenesis are electroconvulsive shock (Madsen et al 2000;Malberg et al 2000;Hellsten et al 2002), sleep deprivation (Grassi Zucconi et al 2006), environmental enrichment (Veena et al 2009), and exercise (van Praag et al 1999;van Praag et al 2005;Hanson et al 2011). Conditioned inhibition of fear (or learned safety) which was shown to reduce depression-like behavior in mice, also promoted the survival of newborn cells in the DG (Pollak et al 2008).…”

Section: Antidepressants and Adult Neurogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Major Depression: A Role for Hippocampal Neurogenesis?

Lee

Reif

Schmitt

2012

Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences

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Since its discovery in mammals, adult neurogenesis, the process of generating functional neurons from neural progenitor cells in the adult brain, has inspired numerous animal studies. These have revealed that adult neurogenesis is a highly regulated phenomenon. Enriched environment, exercise and learning for instance, are positive regulators while stress and age are major negative regulators. Stressful life events are not only shown to reduce adult neurogenesis levels but are also discussed to be a key element in the development of various neuropsychiatric disorders such as depression. Interestingly, altered monoaminergic brain levels resulting from antidepressant treatment are shown to have a strong reinforcing effect on adult neurogenesis. Additionally, disturbed adult neurogenesis, possibly resulting in a malfunctioning hippocampus, may contribute to the cognitive deficits and reduced hippocampal volumes observed in depressed patients. Hence, the question arises as to whether disturbed adult neurogenesis and the etiopathogenesis of depression are causally linked. In this chapter, we discuss the possible causal interrelation of disturbed adult neurogenesis and the etiopathogenesis of depression as well as the possibility that adult neurogenesis is not exclusively linked to depression but is also linked to other psychiatric disorders including schizophrenia and neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease. Additionally, we look at the functional relevance of adult neurogenesis in different species, upon which we base our discussion as to whether adult neurogenesis could be causally linked to the development of certain brain disorders in humans, or whether it is only an epiphenomenon.

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“…On the other hand, it was reported that chronic foot shock stress and restraint stress had opposite effects, while former increased, later decreased the duration of immobility (an indicator of depressionrelated behavior) in FST (26). Furthermore, depressive like effects of chronic stress and long term consequences were reported (9,27). As it was demonstrated in these studies, the type and the intensity of the stressors used and the stress modality and many other factors may affect the results of stress exposure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the long term effects of chronic white noise stress on learning in radial arm maze and behaviors in forced swim test

Eraslan;EKİZ¹

2011

Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi

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Summary:The long-term effects of 100 dB chronic white noise stress (WNS), exposed during prenatal and adolescent periods, on some cognitive functions and behaviors in rats were investigated. For this purpose, 40 female Sprague Dawley rats and their 60 male offspring were used. Pregnant rats were divided into Prenatal Stress (PS) and Prenatal Control (PC) groups. Noise stress was applied to PS group between the 14th and 21st days of their pregnancy, while PC rats were left undisturbed. After weaning, 60 male pups of PS dams were assigned to prenatal + chronic postnatal stress (PSCS), prenatal stress + non stress (PSN) and Control (CON) groups. During the postnatal 30th and 51st days, WNS was applied to PSCS rats, while PSN and CON groups were left undisturbed. The effects of stress on adult male offspring were investigated using 8-arm radial maze and forced swimming tests. There were no significant differences among groups for cognition and behavior tests. These results indicate that chronic 100 dB WNS does not have log-term effects on cognitive functions and depression related behaviors of adult male offspring.Key words: cognition, forced swim, rats, stress, white noise.Kronik beyaz gürültü stresinin radyal labirentte öğrenme ve zorunlu yüzme testinde davranışlar üzerine olan uzun dönem etkilerinin araştırılması Özet: Çalışmada sıçanlarda prenatal ve adolesan dönemlerde uygulanan kronik, 100 dB şiddetindeki beyaz gürültü stresinin bazı davranışlar ve kognitif fonksiyonlar üzerine olan uzun dönem etkileri araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla 40 adet dişi Sprague Dawley sıçan ve bunlardan elde edilen 60 erkek sıçan kullanıldı. Gebe dişiler Prenatal Stres (PS) ve Prenatal Kontrol (PK) grubu olmak üzere iki gruba ayrıldılar. Gebeliğin 14. ve 21. günleri arasında PS grubuna ses stresi uygulanırken, kontrol grubuna herhangi bir uygulama yapılmadı. Yavrular sütten kesildikten sonra PS grubu dişilerden elde edilen 60 adet erkek yavru prenatal stres + kronik postnatal stres (PSKS), prenatal stres + stres uygulanmayan (PSSU) ve Kontrol (KON) gruplarına ayrıldılar. PSKS grubu ratlara postnatal dönemin 30. ve 51. günleri arasında stres uygulaması yapılırken, PS ve KON grubundaki ratlara herhangi bir uygulama yapılmadı. Stresin etkileri erişkin erkek sıçanlarda sekiz kollu radyal labirent testi ve zorlamalı yüzme testi kullanılarak ölçüldü. Kognitif ve davranışsal testler açısından gruplar arasında önemli bir farklılık bulunmadı. Elde edilen sonuçlar kronik, 100 dB beyaz ses stresinin erişkin erkek sıçanlarda kognitif fonksiyonlar ve depresyonla ilişkili davranışlar üzerinde uzun dönem etkisinin olmadığını göstermektedir.

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Exposure to enriched environment restores the survival and differentiation of new born cells in the hippocampus and ameliorates depressive symptoms in chronically stressed rats

Cited by 123 publications

References 48 publications

Adult Neurogenesis and Mental Illness

Adult Neurogenesis and Mental Illness

Major Depression: A Role for Hippocampal Neurogenesis?

Investigation of the long term effects of chronic white noise stress on learning in radial arm maze and behaviors in forced swim test

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