Exposure to daily ambient particulate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and cough occurrence in adult chronic cough patients: A longitudinal study

Anyenda, Enoch Olando; Higashi, T.; Kambayashi, Yasuhiro; Thảo, Nguyễn Thị Thu; Michigami, Yoshimasa; Fujimura, Masaki; Hara, Johsuke; Tsujiguchi, Hiromasa; Kitaoka, Masami; Asakura, Hiroki; Hori, Daisuke; Yamada, Yasuaki; Hayashi, Koichiro; Hayakawa, Kazuichi; Nakamura, Hiroyuki

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.05.042

Cited by 16 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The current findings on PAH exposure as an independent pollutant confirm our recent result indicating that ambient particulate PAH is related to cough symptoms in adult patients with known airway disease [18]. Although differences in study population and ambient concentrations may limit direct comparisons with other findings, our results are in agreement with those studies that found increases in cough and bronchial hyperreactivity as well as high prevalence of wheezing and reduced lung function [16,32].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Associations of Cough Prevalence with Ambient Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, Nitrogen and Sulphur Dioxide: A Longitudinal Study

Anyenda

Higashi

Kambayashi

et al. 2016

IJERPH

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Information on potential cough triggers including environmental irritants is vital for successful management of chronic cough in patients. We investigated the relationship between ambient levels of particulate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and sulphur dioxide (SO2) exposures with cough prevalence. Eighty-three adult patients, who had been physician diagnosed with at least asthma, cough variant asthma and/or atopic cough, were divided into asthma and non-asthma groups. They recorded daily cough symptoms during 4 January–30 June 2011 study period while daily samples of total suspended particles were simultaneously collected by use of glass fiber filters and the particulate PAH content determined by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with a fluorescence detector. Ambient concentrations of NO2 and SO2 were obtained from a local monitoring site. Logistic regression models using generalized estimating equations were used to determine population-averaged estimates of association between cough prevalence and ambient pollutant exposures for the two groups. Fully adjusted odds ratios from single pollutant models were 1.083 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.029, 1.140) and 1.097 (95% CI: 1.016, 1.185) per 0.57 ng/m3 for lag2 PAH exposure, while only for asthma group had significant associations with NO2 and SO2 exposures for both lag2 and lag02. Similar associations were observed in multipollutant models. This finding suggests that ambient PAH, NO2, and SO2 exposure even at low levels is related to cough prevalence in adult chronic cough patients and may be considered as aggravating factor during clinical management of the condition.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Associations of Cough Prevalence with Ambient Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, Nitrogen and Sulphur Dioxide: A Longitudinal Study

Anyenda

Higashi

Kambayashi

et al. 2016

IJERPH

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“…The WSIIs in PM 2.5 samples were ultrasonically extracted in ultrapure water. The extracted solution was divided into two parts, and eight WSIIs, including five cations and three anions, were separately detected by the ion chromatography (IC) system [ 14 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has classified dozens of PAHs and NPAHs as carcinogenic to humans (Groups 1, 2A, and 2B) [ 11 , 12 , 13 ]. Meanwhile, PAHs have been reported associated with adult chronic cough [ 14 ]. Water-soluble inorganic ions (WSIIs) are the main inorganic compounds in PM [ 15 ]; these ions can change the size and composition of PM, thereby changing or even increasing the toxicity of PM [ 16 , 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atmospheric Behaviour of Polycyclic and Nitro-Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Water-Soluble Inorganic Ions in Winter in Kirishima, a Typical Japanese Commercial City

Yang

Zhou

Zhang

et al. 2021

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Kirishima is a typical Japanese commercial city, famous for frequent volcanic activity. This is the first study to determine the characteristics of PM2.5-bound polycyclic and nitro-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs and NPAHs) and water-soluble inorganic ions (WSIIs) in this city. In this study, the non-volcanic eruption period was taken as the target and daily PM2.5 samples were collected from 24 November to 21 December 2016. The daily concentrations in PM2.5 of ƩPAHs, ƩNPAHs, and ƩWSIIs ranged from 0.36 to 2.90 ng/m3, 2.12 to 22.3 pg/m3, and 1.96 to 11.4 μg/m3, respectively. Through the results of the diagnostic ratio analyses of the PAHs, NPAHs, and WSIIs and the backward trajectory analysis of the air masses arriving in Kirishima, the emission sources of PAHs, NPAHs, and WSIIs in PM2.5 in Kirishima were influenced by the coal burning that came from the East Asian continent, although there was no influence from volcanic emission sources during the sampling period. The total benzo[a]pyrene (BaP)-equivalent concentration was lower than many other cities but the health risks in Kirishima were nonetheless notable. These findings are very important for future research on PM samples during the inactive Asian monsoon and volcanic eruption periods, to further understand the characteristics of air pollutants in Kirishima, and to contribute to the improvement in health of residents and a reduction in the atmospheric circulation of air pollutants in East Asia.

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“…Median personal concentration of total PAHs was 130 µg/m 3 Respiratory function (spirometry; FEV 1 , FVC) A possible small decrease in respiratory function with total concentration of PAHs [ 62 ] Panel study 560 adults of 60 years or older Seoul, Korea Urine concentrations: 1-hydroxy-pyrene 2-naphthol Lung function tests (spirometry) Genotyping of CYP1A1 Urinary 1-hydroxy-pyrene levels were inversely associated with FEV 1 /FVC Haplotype-based CYP1A1 polymorphism modified the risk [ 66 ] Panel study 88 adult patients with chronic cough Kanazawa University Hospital, Ishikawa Perfecture, Japan Ambient air monitoring of six PAH compounds including fluoranthene, pyrene, chrysene, benzo[b]fluoranthene, benzo[k]fluoranthene, benzo[a]pyrene Diary of cough and symptoms Spesific IgE Exhaled NO Association between ambient PAH and cough occurrence. The non-asthma group had slightly higher OR for cough per 1 ng/m 3 PAHs than the asthmatics [ 69 ] Cross-sectional 467 children with and without asthma followed up to 8 years Fresno, CA, USA Used a spatiotemporal model to estimated individual exposure: PAHs with 4, 5, and 6 rings (PAHs456) Respiratory function (spirometry; FEV 1 , FEF 25-75 ) Non-asthmatics: PAHs456 exposure during previous periods (3–12 months) associated with decrease in FEV 1 Asthmatics: no association [ 60 ] Cross-sectional 64 schoolchildren Mexico city, Mexico Urine concentration: Monohydroxy-PAHs Respiratory function (spirometry; FEV 1 , FVC) pH of exhaled breath condensate (EBC) Increase of 2-hydroxy-fluorene was significantly negatively associated with FEV 1 , FVC and pH of EBC [ 61 ] ...…”

Section: Pah Exposure and Non-malignant Respiratory Outcomes: Evidencmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential role of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in air pollution-induced non-malignant respiratory diseases

et al. 2020

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Epidemiological studies have found strong associations between air pollution and respiratory effects including development and/or exacerbation of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) as well as increased occurrence of respiratory infections and lung cancer. It has become increasingly clear that also polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) may affect processes linked to non-malignant diseases in the airways. The aim of the present paper was to review epidemiological studies on associations between gas phase and particle-bound PAHs in ambient air and non-malignant respiratory diseases or closely related physiological processes, to assess whether PAH-exposure may explain some of the effects associated with air pollution. Based on experimental in vivo and in vitro studies, we also explore possible mechanisms for how different PAHs may contribute to such events. Epidemiological studies show strongest evidence for an association between PAHs and asthma development and respiratory function in children. This is supported by studies on prenatal and postnatal exposure. Exposure to PAHs in adults seems to be linked to respiratory functions, exacerbation of asthma and increased morbidity/mortality of obstructive lung diseases. However, available studies are few and weak. Notably, the PAHs measured in plasma/urine also represent other exposure routes than inhalation. Furthermore, the role of PAHs measured in air is difficult to disentangle from that of other air pollution components originating from combustion processes. Experimental studies show that PAHs may trigger various processes linked to non-malignant respiratory diseases. Physiological- and pathological responses include redox imbalance, oxidative stress, inflammation both from the innate and adaptive immune systems, smooth muscle constriction, epithelial- and endothelial dysfunction and dysregulated lung development. Such biological responses may at the molecular level be initiated by PAH-binding to the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), but possibly also through interactions with beta-adrenergic receptors. In addition, reactive PAH metabolites or reactive oxygen species (ROS) may interfere directly with ion transporters and enzymes involved in signal transduction. Overall, the reviewed literature shows that respiratory effects of PAH-exposure in ambient air may extend beyond lung cancer. The relative importance of the specific PAHs ability to induce disease may differ between the biological endpoint in question.

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Exposure to daily ambient particulate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and cough occurrence in adult chronic cough patients: A longitudinal study

Cited by 16 publications

References 41 publications

Associations of Cough Prevalence with Ambient Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, Nitrogen and Sulphur Dioxide: A Longitudinal Study

Associations of Cough Prevalence with Ambient Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, Nitrogen and Sulphur Dioxide: A Longitudinal Study

Atmospheric Behaviour of Polycyclic and Nitro-Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Water-Soluble Inorganic Ions in Winter in Kirishima, a Typical Japanese Commercial City

Potential role of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in air pollution-induced non-malignant respiratory diseases

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