Exposure to arsenic and lead of children living near a copper-smelter in San Luis Potosi, Mexico: Importance of soil contamination for exposure of children

Carrizales, Leticia; Razo-Soto, Israel; Téllez-Hernández, Jesús I.; Torres-Nerio, Rocío; Torres, Arturo; Batres, Lilia; Cubillas, Ana-Cristina; Dı́az-Barriga, Fernando

doi:10.1016/j.envres.2005.07.010

Cited by 194 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…In this study, the height of the children ranged from 120 to 164 cm, which was higher than the heaviest lead-contaminated zone. In addition, the children's BLLs in this study were lower than that of children living around a copper-smelter (Carrizales et al, 2006) and around an E-waste recycling industrial area . Except for the age factor, the coking industry produced much lower Pb emissions due to a lower Pb content in coal than that in ores and E-waste (Hilts, 2003;Zheng et al, 2008).…”

Section: Contents Of Heavy Metals and Metalloids In Children's Bloodcontrasting

confidence: 54%

Health risks from the exposure of children to As, Se, Pb and other heavy metals near the largest coking plant in China

Cao

Duan

Zhao

et al. 2014

Science of The Total Environment

332

112

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• The concentration of heavy metals and metalloids in environment and children's blood are observed around the Chinese largest coking plant.• The health risk assessments of children are analyzed.• Foods from the coking plant are heavily contaminated by As, Cr and Se.• Food Ingestion pathway contributes most to children's average daily dose for most heavy metals and metalloids.• Higher potentially non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks happen to the local children. a b s t r a c t a r t i c l e i n f o Coking influences environmental quality and poses high risks to human health as large amounts of heavy metals and metalloids are emitted into the environment from coal during the coking process. Health risks depend heavily on multi-pathway and element-specific exposures, which have, unfortunately, been rarely studied. In this study, children's health risks and exposure levels to As, Se, and heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cr, Ni, Co, Zn, Cu, Mn, V and Sb) in the water, soil, dust, air and locally produced food were studied based on field sampling and questionnaire-based surveys around the largest coking area in China. Human blood samples were collected and analyzed to indicate the exposure levels. The non-carcinogenic risks to children mainly resulted from Cr, Mn, Pb, As and Sb, the levels of which were 3 to 10 times higher than the acceptable levels (1.0 × 10 −6 ). The carcinogenic risks to children were 30 to 200 times higher than the safe level (1.0 × 10 −6 -1.0 × 10 −4 ), which could be attributed to Cr, As and Ni pollution. The estimated risks mainly came from the pathway involving the ingestion of locally produced food, accounting for more than 85% in total for most elements. For As, the food ingestion and air inhalation exposure pathways both contributed approximately 50%, respectively. The high risks in this study highlight the attention paid to the health of children who live in the vicinity of coking activities and the importance of site-specific multi-pathway health risk assessments and food safety to protect potentially exposed children.

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Section: Contents Of Heavy Metals and Metalloids In Children's Bloodcontrasting

confidence: 54%

Health risks from the exposure of children to As, Se, Pb and other heavy metals near the largest coking plant in China

Cao

Duan

Zhao

et al. 2014

Science of The Total Environment

332

112

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Furthermore, in the smelter area, lead levels in household dust were higher than levels in control areas; thus, inhalation and ingestion of dust particles were additional pathways of exposure. Similar results were found for arsenic, in children living in the vicinity of a copper smelter in San Luis Potosi, Mexico (Díaz-Barriga et al, 1993;Carrizales et al, 2006).…”

Section: Smelter Areassupporting

confidence: 78%

Expressing urine from a gel disposable diaper for biomonitoring using phthalates as an example

Liu

Xia

Guo

et al. 2012

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

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The urinary metabolites of phthalates are well-accepted exposure biomarkers for adults and children older than 6 years but are not commonly used for infants owing to non-convenient sampling. In the light of this situation, a novel sampling method based on monitoring the urine expressed from the gel diaper was developed. The urine was expressed from the gel absorbent after mixing the absorbent with CaCl2 and then collected by a laboratory-made device; the urinary phthalate metabolites were extracted and cleaned using a solid-phase extraction (SPE) column and analyzed with high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry / mass spectrometry. To evaluate the method's feasibility, the following factors were investigated: the proportion of CaCl2 to gel absorbent, the urination volume variation and the target compounds' deposition bias in the diaper, the matrix blank of the different diaper brands, the storage stabilities and the recoveries of creatinine and phthalate metabolites in the expressed urine. Mono-methyl phthalate, mono-ethyl phthalate, mono-butyl phthalate, mono-benzyl phthalate, mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate and mono-2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl phthalate were involved. 70-80% of the urine can be expressed from the diaper, and the expressed spiking recoveries and the limit of detection of mono-phthalates ranged from 88.5-115% and 0.21-0.50 ng/ml. The method was applied to measure phthalate metabolites in 65 gel diaper samples from 15 infants, and the pilot data suggests the infants are commonly exposed to phthalates. In summary, the method for monitoring of infant exposure to phthalates is sound and validated, and the potential health effects from the vulnerable infants' exposure to phthalates should be concerned.39th Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars (SRF for ROCS); Hundred Talent Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS); CAS/SAFEA International Partnership Program for Creative Research Teams [KZCX2-YW-T08

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“…Miners are also exposed to psychosocial risks like drug and alcohol abuse [9]. Inherent results to the occupational risks aforementioned are respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, and cancer, among others [10], [11], [12].…”

Section: A Occupational Risks In the Mining Industrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Production Program in the Mexican Mining Industry: Occupational Risks

Reyna¹,

Duarte²,

Ibarra³

et al. 2015

Inge cuc

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Abstract-Speaking of mining and sustainability sounds contradictory, as the environmental impact generated by resource extraction is well known. However, there are mining companies that are working to be safe and environmentally friendly. An example of this is presented in this study aimed at identifying occupational risks generated by the activities of a smallscale gold and silver mine located in northwestern Mexico. The methodology followed was a Sustainable Production Program (SPP) based on a continuous cycle of five steps in which the tools of cleaner production and pollution prevention are adapted. As a result of this project, it was possible to implement SPP activities: training for workers, use of personal protective equipment and adequate handling of chemicals. As a conclusion, it was verified that SPP application helped this mining company move towards sustainable patterns of production.Keywords-Small-scale Mining, Sustainable Production, Occupational Risks, Northwest of Mexico.Resumen-Hablar de minería y sustentabilidad suena contradictorio, ya que es bien sabido el impacto ambiental que se genera por la extracción de recursos. Sin embargo, existen empresas mineras que están trabajando para ser seguras y amigables con el ambiente. Un ejemplo de lo anterior se presenta en este estudio, cuyo objetivo fue identificar los riesgos ocupacionales generados por las actividades de una pequeña mina de oro y plata ubicada en el noroeste de México. La metodología que se siguió fue un Programa de Producción Sustentable (PPS), basado en un ciclo continuo de cinco pasos, en el cual se adaptan las herramientas de producción más limpias y prevención de la contaminación. Como resultado de este proyecto, se logró implementar el PPS en actividades de: capacitación a los trabajadores, uso de equipo de protección personal y manejo de sustancias químicas. A manera de conclusión, se establece que la aplicación del PPS coadyuva a transitar hacia patrones sustentables de producción.

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Exposure to arsenic and lead of children living near a copper-smelter in San Luis Potosi, Mexico: Importance of soil contamination for exposure of children

Cited by 194 publications

References 36 publications

Health risks from the exposure of children to As, Se, Pb and other heavy metals near the largest coking plant in China

Health risks from the exposure of children to As, Se, Pb and other heavy metals near the largest coking plant in China

Expressing urine from a gel disposable diaper for biomonitoring using phthalates as an example

Sustainable Production Program in the Mexican Mining Industry: Occupational Risks

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