Exposure to ambient concentrations of particulate air pollution does not influence vascular function or inflammatory pathways in young healthy individuals

Bräuner, Elvira Vaclavik; Möller, Peter; Barregård, Lars; Dragsted, Lars Ove; Glasius, Marianne; Wåhlin, Peter; Vinzents, Peter; Raaschou-Nielsen, Ole; Loft, Steffen

doi:10.1186/1743-8977-5-13

Cited by 84 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 59 publications

(89 reference statements)

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“…However, in a related study, no statistically significant differences were observed in young, healthy subjects. 27 These results, along with the previously reported results by Bräuner and colleagues 26 suggest that cumulative exposure of 2 or more days to ambient PM 2.5 pollution may adversely affect vascular function. However, these results provide no evidence of a contemporaneous vascular response to a few hours of controlled exposure.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

“…[23][24][25] Recently, and before the completion of this study, Bräuner and colleagues reported the results of two studies of vascular function that were also based on RH-PAT measures. 26,27 They reported that reductions in 48-hr PM 2.5 due to filtering air in subjects' homes resulted in improved vascular function in aged subjects. 26 However, they found no relationship between traffic-related particles and vascular function in young healthy individuals.…”

Section: Technical Papermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…26 However, they found no relationship between traffic-related particles and vascular function in young healthy individuals. 27 The primary hypothesis of this study was that approximately 3 hr of elevated exposure to PM 2.5 in a controlledexposure chamber would result in subclinical but measurable declines in vascular function on the basis of RH-PAT. On the basis of the results reported by Bräuner and colleagues, 26,27 a secondary hypothesis was included: that vascular function was associated with previous 2-day ambient PM 2.5 exposure.…”

Section: Technical Papermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vascular Function and Short-Term Exposure to Fine Particulate Air Pollution

Pope

Hansen

Kuprov

et al. 2011

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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Exposure to fine particulate air pollution has been implicated as a risk factor for cardiopulmonary disease and mortality. Proposed biological pathways imply that particleinduced pulmonary and systemic inflammation play a role in activating the vascular endothelium and altering vascular function. Potential effects of fine particulate pollution on vascular function are explored using controlled chamber exposure and uncontrolled ambient exposure. Research subjects included four panels with a total of 26 healthy nonsmoking young adults. On two study visits, at least 7 days apart, subjects spent 3 hr in a controlledexposure chamber exposed to 150 -200 g/m 3 of fine particles generated from coal or wood combustion and 3 hr in a clean room, with exposure and nonexposure periods alternated between visits. Baseline, postexposure, and post-clean room reactive hyperemia-peripheral arterial tonometry (RH-PAT) was conducted. A microvascular responsiveness index, defined as the log of the RH-PAT ratio, was calculated. There was no contemporaneous vascular response to the few hours of controlled exposure. Declines in vascular response were associated with elevated ambient exposures for the previous 2 days, especially for female subjects. Cumulative exposure to real-life fine particulate pollution may affect vascular function. More research is needed to determine the roles of age and gender, the effect of pollution sources, the importance of cumulative exposure over a few days versus a few hours, and the lag time between exposure and response.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Section: Technical Papermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Technical Papermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vascular Function and Short-Term Exposure to Fine Particulate Air Pollution

Pope

Hansen

Kuprov

et al. 2011

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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“…Um estudo cruzado com 29 participantes que se exercitaram ou não na bicicleta e estiveram expostos a poluentes do ar não encontrou qualquer associação significativa dos poluentes atmosféricos com a contagem de hemoglobina, GV e plaquetas e com marcadores de inflamação em jovens adultos saudáveis 30 . As associações entre poluentes do ar e parâmetros hematológicos em nosso estudo são consistentes com os efeitos crônicos dos poluentes atmosféricos sobre os fatores hematológicos em adultos 16 ; portanto, nossos achados podem ser decorrentes da exposição crônica das crianças estudadas aos poluentes do ar, ou da maior susceptibilidade das crianças ao risco dos poluentes atmosféricos para a saúde.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Association of air pollution and hematologic parameters in children and adolescents

Poursafa¹,

Kelishadi²,

Amini³

et al. 2011

J Pediatr (Rio J)

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Objective: To assess the relationship of air pollution and hematologic parameters in a population-based sample of children and adolescents. Methods:This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2009-2010 among school students randomly selected from different areas of Isfahan city, the second largest and most air-polluted city in Iran. The association of air pollutants levels with hemoglobin, platelets, red and white blood cells (RBC and WBC, respectively) levels was determined by multiple linear and logistic regression analyses, after adjustment for age, gender, anthropometric measures, meteorological factors, and dietary and physical activity habits. Results:The study participants consisted of 134 students (48.5% boys) with a mean age of 13.10±2.21 years. While the mean Pollutant Standards Index (PSI) was at moderate level, the mean particulate matter ≤ 10 µm (PM 10 ) was more than twice the normal level. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that PSI and most air pollutants, notably PM 10 , had significant negative relationship with hemoglobin and RBC count, and positive significant relationship with WBC and platelet counts. The odds ratio of elevated WBC increased as the quartiles of PM 10 , ozone and PSI increased, however these associations reached to significant level only in the highest quartile of PM 10 and PSI. The corresponding figures for hemoglobin and RBC were in opposite direction. Conclusions:The association of air pollutants with hematologic parameters and a possible pro-inflammatory state is highlighted. The presence of these associations with PM 10 in a moderate mean PSI level underscores the necessity to re-examine environmental health policies for the pediatric age group.J Pediatr (Rio J). 2011;87(4): Air pollution, cell blood count, atherosclerosis, inflammation, children, prevention. ResumoObjetivo: Avaliar a relação entre poluição atmosférica e parâ-metros hematológicos em uma amostra populacional de crianças e adolescentes. Métodos:Este estudo transversal foi realizado em 2009-2010 com estudantes escolhidos aleatoriamente de diversas áreas de Isfahan, a segunda maior e mais poluída cidade iraniana. A associação entre os níveis de poluentes do ar e os de hemoglobina, plaquetas, glóbulos brancos (GB) e glóbulos vermelhos (GV) foi determinada pelas análises linear múltipla e de regressão logística ajustadas para idade, sexo, medidas antropométricas, fatores meteorológicos, e hábitos alimentares e de atividade física. Resultados:Participaram do estudo 134 estudantes (48,5% meninos), com idade média de 13,10±2,21 anos. Com níveis moderados de Pollutant Standards Index (PSI), a média de material particulado (particulate matter) ≤ 10 µm (PM 10 ) foi mais do que o dobro do normal. A análise de regressão linear demonstrou que o PSI e a maioria dos poluentes atmosféricos, especialmente PM 10 , estiveram negativamente relacionados com a contagem de hemoglobina e GV e positivamente relacionados com a contagem de GB e plaquetas. O odds ratio de uma elevação nos GB aumentou conforme os quart...

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“…Inthat study young healthy volunteers exercising on bicycle ergometers were exposed to diesel exhaust derived from engine condition mimicking vehicles functioning in urban environment, with acceleration retardation and variation in engine load as well as periods of constant speed and idling [Barath et al, 2010]. Conversely a similar study found no changes in micro-vascular vasodilation, blood coagulation parameters or markers of systemic inflammation related to particle exposure in healthy volunteers exercising on an ergometer bicycle and breathing air from one of Copenhagen's busiest roads [Brauner et al, 2008]. A study explored the possibility of reducing the cardiovascular effects of short-term air pollution exposure to urban pollution by wearing a simple facemask.…”

Section: Short-term Exposure To Air Pollutants Effects On the Cardiovmentioning

confidence: 95%

Air Pollution, Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), and Autonomic Nervous System Interactions Modulate Cardiac Oxidative Stress and Electrophysiological Changes

Ghelfi¹

2011

Advanced Topics in Environmental Health and Air Pollution Case Studies

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Exposure to ambient concentrations of particulate air pollution does not influence vascular function or inflammatory pathways in young healthy individuals

Cited by 84 publications

References 59 publications

Vascular Function and Short-Term Exposure to Fine Particulate Air Pollution

Vascular Function and Short-Term Exposure to Fine Particulate Air Pollution

Association of air pollution and hematologic parameters in children and adolescents

Air Pollution, Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), and Autonomic Nervous System Interactions Modulate Cardiac Oxidative Stress and Electrophysiological Changes

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