Exposure to actinides: report on Ca-DTPA injections in CEA-AREVA centres

Grappin, L.; Berard, P.; Ménétrier, Florence; Carbone, L.; Courtay, C.; Castagnet, X.; Goff, Julie P.; Neron, Marie-Odile; Beau, P.; Piechowski, J.

doi:10.1051/radiopro:2006031

Cited by 21 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The majority of occupational Pu inhalation concerns insoluble oxides (1) [assigned to absorption type S compounds (2)]. However, Pu nitrate, a moderately soluble form [type M (2)], is also encountered in nuclear fuel fabrication and reprocessing processes, and has been involved in several intake cases (1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decorporation Approach Following Rat Lung Contamination with a Moderately Soluble Compound of Plutonium Using Local and Systemic Ca-DTPA Combined Chelation

et al. 2012

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Decorporation efficacy of prompt pulmonary delivery of DTPA dry powder was assessed following lung contamination with plutonium nitrate and compared to an intravenous injection of DTPA solution and a combined administration of both DTPA compounds. In addition, efficacy of a delayed treatment was assessed. In case of either early or late administration, insufflated DTPA was more efficient than intravenously injected DTPA in reducing the plutonium lung burden due to its high local concentration. Prompt treatment with DTPA powder was also more effective in limiting extrapulmonary deposits by removing the early transportable fraction of plutonium from lungs prior its absorption into blood. Translocation of DTPA from lungs to blood may also contribute to the decrease in extrapulmonary retention, as shown by reduced liver deposit after delayed pulmonary administration of DTPA. Efficacy of DTPA dry powder was further increased by the combined intravenous administration of DTPA solution for reducing extrapulmonary deposits of plutonium and promoting its urinary excretion. According to our results, the most effective treatment protocol for plutonium decorporation was the early pulmonary delivery of DTPA powder supplemented by an intravenous injection of DTPA solution. Following inhalation of plutonium as nitrate chemical form, this combined chelation therapy should provide a more effective method of treatment than conventional intravenous injection alone. At later stages following lung contamination, pulmonary administration of DTPA should also be considered as the treatment of choice for decreasing the lung burden.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decorporation Approach Following Rat Lung Contamination with a Moderately Soluble Compound of Plutonium Using Local and Systemic Ca-DTPA Combined Chelation

et al. 2012

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“…1). Even by taking into account an efficiency factor of the Ca-DTPA (generally ranging between 10 and 100 as reported by Grappin et al, 2007) administrated on D1 and D5 on the Pu excretion, we are not able to explain these figures. Furthermore, these values appear again in the excretions of the 18th day when the efficiency of the Ca-DTPA is expected to be much less; • last, the rapid decrease in the results of faecal and especially urinary excretions, up to the disappearance of all activity after 34 days also remains in great discrepancy with the assumed model.…”

Section: Interpretation Of the Faecal And Urinary Radiotoxicological mentioning

confidence: 44%

“…This difference with the estimated dose, based on the first urine samples, would imply an efficiency of the Ca-DTPA by a factor of 1000 on the urinary excretion in order to stay consistent with the faeces samples. This factor is far greater than those described in the literature (Grappin et al, 2007). The activity in the urine at D18, that is 13 days after the last Ca-DTPA injection when its effect should be slight, would lead us to estimate a dose still much greater than that assessed from the faeces (curve in Sect.…”

Section: Dosimetric Estimatementioning

confidence: 51%

Assessing internal exposure in the absence of an appropriate model: two cases involving an incidental inhalation of transuranic elements

Blanchin¹,

Bérard²,

Blanchardon³

et al. 2008

Radioprotection

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“…The use of DTPA at CEA and AREVA demonstrated that the urinary excretion of the actinides was significantly increased by a factor of 25 to 100 as compared to the excretion without DTPA. Among the 1,158 injections performed on 469 patients, only one undesirable effect was recorded (immediate allergic cutaneous reaction) [27].…”

Section: Efficacy In Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcium and Zinc DTPA Administration for Internal Contamination with Plutonium-238 and Americium-241

Kazzi¹,

Heyl²,

Ruprecht³

2012

CPB

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The accidental or intentional release of plutonium or americium can cause acute and long term adverse health effects if they enter the human body by ingestion, inhalation, or injection. These effects can be prevented by rapid removal of these radionuclides by chelators such as calcium or zinc diethylenetriaminepentaacetate (calcium or zinc DTPA). These compounds have been shown to be efficacious in enhancing the elimination of members of the actinide family particularly plutonium and americium when administered intravenously or by nebulizer. The efficacy and adverse effects profile depend on several factors that include the route of internalization of the actinide, the type, and route time of administration of the chelator, and whether the calcium or zinc salt of DTPA is used. Current and future research efforts should be directed at overcoming limitations associated with the use of these complex drugs by using innovative methods that can enhance their structural and therapeutic properties.

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Exposure to actinides: report on Ca-DTPA injections in CEA-AREVA centres

Cited by 21 publications

References 9 publications

Decorporation Approach Following Rat Lung Contamination with a Moderately Soluble Compound of Plutonium Using Local and Systemic Ca-DTPA Combined Chelation

Decorporation Approach Following Rat Lung Contamination with a Moderately Soluble Compound of Plutonium Using Local and Systemic Ca-DTPA Combined Chelation

Assessing internal exposure in the absence of an appropriate model: two cases involving an incidental inhalation of transuranic elements

Calcium and Zinc DTPA Administration for Internal Contamination with Plutonium-238 and Americium-241

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