Exposure to a Commercial Glyphosate Formulation (Roundup®) Alters Normal Gill and Liver Histology and Affects Male Sexual Activity of Jenynsia multidentata (Anablepidae, Cyprinodontiformes)

Abstract

Roundup is the most popular commercial glyphosate formulation applied in the cultivation of genetically modified glyphosate-resistant crops. The aim of this study was to evaluate the histological lesions of the neotropical native fish, Jenynsia multidentata, in response to acute and subchronic exposure to Roundup and to determine if subchronic exposure to the herbicide causes changes in male sexual activity of individuals exposed to a sublethal concentration (0.5 mg/l) for 7 and 28 days. The estimated 96-h LC50 was 19.02 mg/l for both male and female fish. Gill and liver histological lesions were evaluated through histopathological indices allowing quantification of the histological damages in fish exposed to different concentrations of the herbicide. Roundup induced different histological alterations in a concentration-dependent manner. In subchronic-exposure tests, Roundup also altered normal histology of the studied organs and caused a significant decrease in the number of copulations and mating success in male fish exposed to the herbicide. It is expected that in natural environments contaminated with Roundup, both general health condition and reproductive success of J. multidenatata could be seriously affected.

Toxicity and Effects of the Herbicide Glufosinate-Ammonium (Basta) on the Marine Medaka Oryzias dancena

“…The utility of histological lesions as sensitive and reliable indicators of fish health has been reported in previous studies (Stentiford et al, 2003;Bernet et al, 2004;Ramírez-Duarte et al, 2008). Numerous studies of glyphosate-based herbicides (e.g., Roundup) have demonstrated their toxic effects on fish (the Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and Jenynsia multidentata), and reported that Roundup can cause histological changes in the liver, gills, and kidneys after acute and chronic exposure to sublethal concentrations (Jiraungkoorskul et al, 2002(Jiraungkoorskul et al, , 2003Ayoola, 2008;Langiano Vdo and Martinez, 2008;Hued et al, 2012). However, no previous study has investigated the aquatic toxicity of glufosinate-based herbicides according to histopathological analyses.…”

“…Rp indicates reaction pattern. After Bernet et al (1999) and Hued et al (2012). Different letters in the same column indicate significant differences (P < 0.05) whereas same letters show no significant differences (P < 0.05).…”

“…formulations of glyphosate (Jiraungkoorskul et al, 2002(Jiraungkoorskul et al, , 2003Albinati et al, 2007Albinati et al, , 2009Ayoola, 2008;Langiano Vdo and Martinez, 2008;Hued et al, 2012). The livers of marine medaka exposed to different Basta concentrations showed larger hepatocytes with pyknotic nuclei, leukocyte infiltration, and hydropic degeneration.…”

“…The primary lamellar epithelium was 1-2 cell layers thick. The secondary lamellae consisted of one layer scribed by Bernet et al (1999) and Hued et al (2012). Each histological alteration was classified into one of four reaction patterns: circulatory disturbances, regressive changes, progressive changes, or inflammation.…”

Caracterización de parámetros espermáticos del pez vivíparo Jenynsia multidentata (Cyprinodontiformes: Anablepidae)

“…Mating behavior is coercive; males approach females from behind and try to thrust their copulatory organ in the female genital pore (Bisazza, Manfredi, & Pilastro, 2000). It is important to note that this species has been used as a useful fish laboratory model to evaluate the effects of xenobiotics through different biomarkers (Cazenave et al, 2008;Amé, Galanti, Bocco, & Wunderlin, 2009;Hued, Oberhofer, & Bistoni, 2012). On the other hand, this fish is considered a useful species in controlling mosquito populations since J. multidentata feeds on mosquito larvae (Ringuelet, Aramburu, & de Aramburu, 1967;Marti, Azpelicueta, Tranchida, Pelizza, & Garcia, 2006).…”