Exposure therapy vs lifestyle intervention to reduce food cue reactivity and binge eating in obesity: A pilot study

Abstract

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Neural Correlates of Food Cue Exposure Intervention for Obesity: A Case-Series Approach

“…Both the context (fMRI scanner vs. a laboratory room, participants' home and other relevant contexts) and the food stimuli differed between the current fMRI measurement and the intervention setting. Furthermore, a CE intervention only led to reduced consumption of the exposed foods, but not of other foods (Schyns et al, , 2018(Schyns et al, , 2019. So, there was no generalization to other foods.…”

“…Ten female overweight participants (BMI: M = 32.32 SD = 4.43 kg/m 2 , age: M = 38.40 SD = 10.76 years) from a larger trial (n = 45) participated in this study, and were randomly assigned to CE (n = 5) or LS (n = 5) (van den Schyns et al, 2019). To overcome the problem of high heterogeneity in neural responses due to individual differences that could occur in small sample sizes (Roiser et al, 2016), data were analyzed on subject-level, as separate cases (for a similar approach see: Hubacher et al, 2015).…”

Individual differences in extinction learning predict weight loss after treatment: A pilot study

“…The lack of significant correlations between extinction learning on the one hand and overeating expectancies and ad libitum food intake on the other was unexpected. This might suggest that even though CET (vs. control) resulted in selective reductions in these measures (Schyns et al, 2020), mechanisms other than extinction learning might underlie these reductions. Alternatively, one could speculate that the measures represent less precise (more distal) indices of real‐life dieting (extinction) success.…”

“…The detailed methodology of the RCT is described in van den Akker et al (2016). The overall treatment results are provided in Schyns et al (2020), and the methodology of the conditioning paradigm is described in van den Akker et al (2017; in which learning performance in the overweight sample was compared with a separately recruited healthy weight control group) 3 . The study was approved by the local ethical committee.…”

“…Indeed, CET (vs. control interventions) has shown effective in reducing overeating expectancies (one's expectancy to overeat upon food cue exposure), cued cravings, actual overeating, binge eating, and weight (e.g. Boutelle et al, 2011Boutelle et al, , 2014Jansen, Van den Hout, De Loof, Zandbergen, & Griez, 1989;Martinez-Mallén et al, 2007;Schyns, Roefs, Mulkens, & Jansen, 2016;Schyns, Roefs, Smulders, & Jansen, 2018;Schyns, van den Akker, Roefs, Houben, & Jansen, 2020;Toro et al, 2003).…”