“…Innovative energy-producing and -storing technologies are in high demand because of the increasing need for renewable and clean energy sources and the decreasing availability of fossil fuels. − Electrocatalytic water splitting offers a versatile and effective method for the production of hydrogen, a nonfossil fuel alternative energy source. However, due to the complicated electron/ion transfer pathways that occur during hydrogen evolution (HER) and oxygen evolution (OER) reactions, water-splitting reactions have substantial overpotential, slow kinetics, and poor energy efficiency .…”