Exposure Assessment Suggests Exposure to Lung Cancer Carcinogens in a Painter Working in an Automobile Bumper Shop

Kim, Boowook; Yoon, Jin Ha; Choi, Byung Soon; Shin, Yong Chul

doi:10.1016/j.shaw.2013.09.002

Cited by 10 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Chromate, lead, and Sr have been found in paint samples (solvent-based) that were collected from a shop that had had a case of occupational lung cancer [ 19 ]. Lead, Cr(6+) (total Cr), and Sr levels in orange-yellow, yellow, and bright yellow paints have been to be 173,568, 78,105, and 186,437 ppm; 18,295 (43,416), 14,085 (14,085), and 10,935 (36,302) ppm; and 46, 141, and 267 ppm, respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lead, Cr(6+) (total Cr), and Sr levels in orange-yellow, yellow, and bright yellow paints have been to be 173,568, 78,105, and 186,437 ppm; 18,295 (43,416), 14,085 (14,085), and 10,935 (36,302) ppm; and 46, 141, and 267 ppm, respectively. However, only trace levels have been detected in eco-friendly paints [ 19 ]. The results of this investigation are consistent with these findings.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One such study analyzed paint samples that were collected from an automobile repair shop at which a worker had been diagnosed with occupational lung cancer, and identified a few toxic chemicals, including chromate, lead, and SiO 2 . Environmental monitoring results have revealed air concentrations of 0.608 and 2.824 mg/m 3 for Cr (total) and Pb, respectively [ 19 ]. However, relatively low exposures to Pb (0.05–5.75 μg/m 3 ) and Cr (0.25–3.07 μg/m 3 ) have also been identified for auto-body repainting workers [ 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Water-Based Automobile Paints Potentially Reduce the Exposure of Refinish Painters to Toxic Metals

Hsu¹,

Chung

Dong

et al. 2018

IJERPH

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Exposure to lead-containing dusts is a global public health concern. This work addresses an important issue of whether eco-friendly water-based paints reduce the exposure potential of auto-repainting workers to metals. With this aim, metal levels in automobile paints and worker metal exposure were measured using both solvent- and water-based paints. The levels of metals, and particularly Pb, Cr (total), Fe, and Cu, in solvent-based paints varied greatly among colors and brands. Lead concentrations ranged from below the detection limit (~0.25 μg/g) to 107,928 μg/g (dry film) across all samples. In water-based paints, the concentrations of Pb and Cr (total) were generally two to three orders of magnitude lower, but the concentrations of Al and Cu exceeded those in some solvent-based paints. The personal short-term exposure of workers who applied water-based paints of popular colors, such as black and white, were generally low, with Pb levels of less than <4 µg/m3 and Cr (total) levels of less than 1 µg/m3. Conversely, mean short-term exposure to Pb during the painting of a yellow cab using solvent-based paints were 2028 µg/m3, which was ~14 times the Taiwan short-term permissible exposure limit, while the mean level of exposure to Cr (total) was 290 µg/m3, which was well below the exposure limit. This study demonstrates that water-based paints reduce the exposure potential to lead, and highlights the importance of source control in limiting the toxic metals in paints.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Water-Based Automobile Paints Potentially Reduce the Exposure of Refinish Painters to Toxic Metals

Hsu¹,

Chung

Dong

et al. 2018

IJERPH

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“…The patient was also found not to be trained in correctly wearing the dust mask. Overall fit factors of the general dust mask which is currently available in the domestic market were not outstanding for workers who are not trained in their use (Kim et al, 2013). Such dust mask use does not provide sufficient prevention of exposure to hexavalent chromium.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In South Korea, Kim et al (2013) reported a lung cancer patient who performed painting in an automobile bumper shop and identified an association with exposure to hexavalent chromium (24 µg m -3 ) during spraying gray and yellow paints, even though the workload of painting with yellow associated with hexavalent chromium was minor on a daily basis. In addition, NIOSH found painters who performed multiple tasks, such as spraying, sanding and clean up, were exposed to high levels of hexavalent chromium with a 16 µg m -3 eight-hour TWA (NIOSH, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure Assessment of Hexavalent Chromium for a Powder Coating Spray Painter Associated with the Development of Lung Cancer

Lee¹,

Park

Kim³

et al. 2017

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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A 63-year-old man who diagnosed with lung cancer had worked for 13.5 years (1999)(2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013) as a spray painter. The Occupational Lung Diseases Institute conducted retrospective exposure assessment to examine whether a spray painter job he had performed could be associated with the development of lung cancer. We investigated lung cancer carcinogens in his work environment. The safety data sheet of six powder coating products showed that powder coatings contained 1-10% of hexavalent chromium. In addition, our quantitative analysis of powder coating samples also showed that the hexavalent chromium contents quantified in the yellow-green and red powder coating samples were 0.27% and 0.95%, respectively. In order to estimate his exposure level of hexavalent chromium, we measured a personal exposure level of hexavalent chromium for a spray painter in accordance with the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health #7605 method. The results showed that the spray painter was exposed to the high level of hexavalent chromium (216.9 µg m -3 ). Furthermore, we estimated that he was likely exposed to several lung cancer carcinogens such as crystalline silica or asbestos over the approximately 24 years at various construction sites prior to assuming a job as a spray painter. Therefore, we concluded that his lung cancer was caused by substantial exposure to several lung cancer carcinogens over approximately 37.5 years. Particularly, exposure characteristic to hexavalent chromium could substantially contribute to the development of lung cancer, despite of the sole case of exposure assessment.

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Comparative health risk of inhaled exposure to organic solvents, toxic metals, and hexavalent chromium from the use of spray paints in Taiwan

Lin

Lai

Peng

et al. 2018

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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The study investigated the exposure of spray painters to organic solvents, toxic metals, and hexavalent chromium over 21 working days in 2017. The results found these concentrations of 12 VOCs to be below the short-term exposure limit (STEL) established by the US Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). The mass concentration of total particulate matter (PM) exposure to workers was 20.01 ± 10.78 mg/m, which exceeds OSHA's permissible exposure level of 15 mg/m. The mean concentration of the total metals for all particle sizes was 109.1 ± 12.0 μg/m, and those for lead (496,017.0 ng/m) and iron (252,123.8 ng/m) were the highest of metal elements. Significantly, the mean concentrations of Pb and As exceeded OSHA's permissible exposure limits (PELs) of 0.05 and 0.01 mg/m, respectively. The total hexavalent chromium concentration was 1163.01 ng/m, and the individual particle sizes (PM, PM, and PM) were strongly and positively correlated with the Cr(VI) concentrations for PM. The study determined that approximately 56.14% of the hexavalent chromium inhaled during the spray-painting process was deposited in the upper respiratory system of the head airway region, followed by the alveolar and tracheobronchial regions, with fractions of 11.93 and 0.05%, respectively. Although the mean ratio of hexavalent chromium to total chromium was only 3.6% for all particle sizes, the cancer risk of the total particles in Cr(VI) (1.6 × 10) exceeded the acceptable risk value (10). The cancer risks of As and Cr(VI) associated with quasi-ultrafine particles, PM, PM, and PM, also exceeded 10. Comparison of the carcinogenicity risk of VOCs and metals suggests that the adverse health effect of inhaled particles on spray-painting workers is more serious than that from VOC exposure.

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Exposure Assessment Suggests Exposure to Lung Cancer Carcinogens in a Painter Working in an Automobile Bumper Shop

Cited by 10 publications

References 6 publications

Water-Based Automobile Paints Potentially Reduce the Exposure of Refinish Painters to Toxic Metals

Water-Based Automobile Paints Potentially Reduce the Exposure of Refinish Painters to Toxic Metals

Exposure Assessment of Hexavalent Chromium for a Powder Coating Spray Painter Associated with the Development of Lung Cancer

Comparative health risk of inhaled exposure to organic solvents, toxic metals, and hexavalent chromium from the use of spray paints in Taiwan

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