Exposure assessment of lovastatin in Pu-erh tea

Zhao, Zhenjun; Pan, You-Zhao; Qin-jin, Liu; Li, Xinghui

doi:10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2013.03.018

Cited by 37 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…This mold produces lovastatin in its natural form, the so-called monacolin K, its pharmacologic active compound, and a well-known type of statin [58]. After long-term storage, Pu-erh tea is rich in Aspergillus terreus , which plays a role in its maturation and specific flavor and is also a source of lovastatin [59]. Of note, the first statin synthesized in 1976 by Akira Endo, a Japanese biochemist, was derived from the fungus species Penicillium citrinum [60].…”

Section: Etiology and Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Statin-induced myalgia and myositis: an update on pathogenesis and clinical recommendations

Selva-O’Callaghan

Alvarado-Cárdenas

Pinal‐Fernandez

et al. 2018

Expert Review of Clinical Immunology

139

128

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Introduction Musculoskeletal manifestations are well-recognized side effects of treatment with statins. New advances in this field have appeared in recent years. This review focuses on the diagnosis of these conditions and their underlying pathogenesis, in particular immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy. Areas covered Clinical phenotypes including rhabdomyolysis, myalgia and/or mild hyperCKemia, self-limited toxin statin myopathy, and immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy are herein described. Therapeutic recommendations and a diagnostic algorithm in statin-associated myopathy are also proposed. The etiology and pathogenesis of statin-induced myopathy has mainly focused on the anti-HMGCR antibodies and the responsibility of the immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy is discussed. The fact that patients who have not been exposed to statins may develop statin-associated autoimmune myopathy with anti-HMGCR antibodies is also addressed. The literature search strategy included terms identified by searches of PubMed between 1969 and December 2017. The search terms ‘myositis’, ‘statin-induced autoimmune myopathy’, ‘immunemediate necrotizing myopathy’, ‘statins’, ‘muscular manifestations’, and ‘anti-HMGCR antibodies’ were used. Expert commentary Full characterization of the known phenotypes of statin toxicity and the specific role of the anti-HMGCR in those exposed and not exposed (i.e. juvenile forms) to statins and in some types of neoplasms is of paramount relevance.

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Section: Etiology and Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Statin-induced myalgia and myositis: an update on pathogenesis and clinical recommendations

Selva-O’Callaghan

Alvarado-Cárdenas

Pinal‐Fernandez

et al. 2018

Expert Review of Clinical Immunology

139

128

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“…Some other herbal compounds also have the ability to lower blood lipids by inhibiting the 3‐hydroxy‐3‐methylglutaryl‐CoA reductase enzyme among which one can name puerh tea and green tea (due to EGCG; Cuccioloni et al, ; Zhao, Pan, Liu, & Li, ). Other herbs that reduce cholesterol are N. sativa , H. sabdariffa , G.cambogia , I. gabonensis , and flaxseed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some other herbal compounds also have the ability to lower blood lipids by inhibiting the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase enzyme among which one can name puerh tea and green tea (due to EGCG; Cuccioloni et al, 2011;Zhao, Pan, Liu, & Li, 2013 and reduce blood glucose levels (Samad & Ruf, 2013).…”

Section: Some Herbs and Their Active Compounds Can Reduce Weightmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the herbal medicines in obesity and metabolic syndrome: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of clinical trials

Payab

Hasani‐Ranjbar

Shahbal

et al. 2019

Phytotherapy Research

100

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Obesity is a medical situation in which excess body fat has gathered because of imbalance between energy intake and energy expenditure. In spite of the fact that the variety of studies are available for obesity treatment and management, its “globesity” still remains a big challenge all over the world. The current systematic review and meta‐analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and mechanisms of effective herbal medicines in the management and treatment of obesity and metabolic syndrome in human. We systematically searched all relevant clinical trials via Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and the Cochrane database to assess the effects of raw or refined products derived from plants or parts of plants on obesity and metabolic syndrome in overweight and obesity adult subjects. All studies conducted by the end of May 2019 were considered in the systematic review. Data were extracted independently by two experts. The quality assessment was assessed using Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials checklist. The main outcomes were anthropometric indices and metabolic syndrome components. Pooled effect of herbal medicines on obesity and metabolic syndrome were presented as standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI). A total of 279 relevant clinical trials were included. Herbals containing green tea, Phaseolus vulgaris, Garcinia cambogia, Nigella sativa, puerh tea, Irvingia gabonensis, and Caralluma fimbriata and their active ingredients were found to be effective in the management of obesity and metabolic syndrome. In addition, C. fimbriata, flaxseed, spinach, and fenugreek were able to reduce appetite. Meta‐analysis showed that intake of green tea resulted in a significant improvement in weight ([SMD]: −0.75 [−1.18, −0.319]), body mass index ([SMD]: −1.2 [−1.82, −0.57]), waist circumference ([SMD]: −1.71 [−2.66, −0.77]), hip circumference ([SMD]: −0.42 [−1.02, −0.19]), and total cholesterol, ([SMD]: −0.43 [−0.77, −0.09]). In addition, the intake of P. vulgaris and N. sativa resulted in a significant improvement in weight ([SMD]: −0.88, 95 % CI: [−1.13, −0.63]) and triglyceride ([SMD]: −1.67, 95 % CI: [−2.54, −0.79]), respectively. High quality trials are still needed to firmly establish the clinical efficacy of the plants in obesity and metabolic syndrome.

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“…The closest sequences were assigned to an undescribed Leptosphaeria sp. isolated from plant specimens in China [31] The genus Leptosphaeria includes a large number of species mainly considered saprobic or necrotrophic on stems and leaves. The genus also comprises highly pathogenic species such as L .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sentinel Trees as a Tool to Forecast Invasions of Alien Plant Pathogens

Vettraino

Roques²,

Yart³

et al. 2015

PLoS ONE

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Recent disease outbreaks caused by alien invasive pathogens into European forests posed a serious threat to forest sustainability with relevant environmental and economic effects. Many of the alien tree pathogens recently introduced into Europe were not previously included on any quarantine lists, thus they were not subject to phytosanitary inspections. The identification and description of alien fungi potentially pathogenic to native European flora before their introduction in Europe, is a paramount need in order to limit the risk of invasion and the impact to forest ecosystems. To determine the potential invasive fungi, a sentinel trees plot was established in Fuyang, China, using healthy seedlings of European tree species including Quercus petreae, Q. suber, and Q. ilex. The fungal assemblage associated with symptomatic specimens was studied using the tag-encoded 454 pyrosequencing of the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer-1 (ITS 1). Taxa with probable Asiatic origin were identified and included plant pathogenic genera. These results indicate that sentinel plants may be a strategic tool to improve the prevention of bioinvasions.

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Exposure assessment of lovastatin in Pu-erh tea

Cited by 37 publications

References 15 publications

Statin-induced myalgia and myositis: an update on pathogenesis and clinical recommendations

Statin-induced myalgia and myositis: an update on pathogenesis and clinical recommendations

Effect of the herbal medicines in obesity and metabolic syndrome: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of clinical trials

Sentinel Trees as a Tool to Forecast Invasions of Alien Plant Pathogens

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