Exposición a la violencia en adolescentes indígenas

Abstract

El presente trabajo tiene como finalidad contribuir a la reflexión con respecto a la exposición a la violencia en que viven los adolescentes indígenas, específicamente de la etnia otomí. Para ello, fueron aplicados 209 cuestionarios a los estudiantes, y se levantaron 5 entrevistas entre el personal académico. Se observó que 2/3 partes de los y las encuestadas afirma haber sido insultados; se presentan casos en que los adolescentes han sido agredidos con armas punzocortantes y de fuego; 3% han sido violados mediante la fuerza o mediante amenazas, y se les han quitado pertenencias o restringido el dinero en un 8%. Por lo anterior, se afirma que los adolescentes indígenas se violentan constantemente entre ellos de manera verbal, física y sexual. A su vez, estos jóvenes forman parte de familias que en donde la violencia interna es abundante, y los padres no se responsabilizan de manera adecuada de la crianza de sus hijos.

Perception of School Violence: Indicators of Normalization in Mapuche and Non-Mapuche Students

“…This finding is linked to research conducted by Romero et al [83], which points out that physical violence in the school and indigenous context can occur as a response to frustration due to adaptation processes, regulation of emotions and capacities to reach agreements. It is possible to consider that Mapuche students perceive physical violence differently, because they are immersed in a monocultural educational system that constantly exercises structural symbolic violence [82,83]. The study conducted by Muñoz et al [7] showed a peaceful tendency in this ethnic group in terms of conflict resolution in the school environment, in contrast to non-Mapuche students.…”

“…In both cases, the objective is domination and humiliation, although on some occasions the aggressors' objective is to assert themselves in their environment [17]. This finding is linked to research conducted by Romero et al [83], which points out that physical violence in the school and indigenous context can occur as a response to frustration due to adaptation processes, regulation of emotions and capacities to reach agreements. It is possible to consider that Mapuche students perceive physical violence differently, because they are immersed in a monocultural educational system that constantly exercises structural symbolic violence [82,83].…”