Exponential-enhanced characteristic of MOS transistors and its application to log-domain circuits

Wide‐range current‐controlled grounded resistor realization: A new application of the CMOS translinear elements

“…23 On the other hand, MOS translinear circuits with MOSFETs operating in strong inversion region have limited dynamic ranges as compared to the logarithmic translinear loops. 24 The CMOS-based TEs introduced in previous studies [20][21][22] circumvent the limitations associated with MOSFETs in weak and strong inversion regions and lead to the extension of the exponential characteristic of a MOSFET drain current from weak inversion region to moderate and strong inversion regions.…”

“…Nevertheless, the tunability range and operational frequency range of CMOS-based CCGRs are generally inferior to those of the BJT-based CCGRs. [15][16][17] Recently, novel CMOS translinear elements (TEs) were introduced by Fernandez and Madrenas, [20][21][22] which mimic the characteristics of BJT-based TE. The authors of previous studies [20][21][22] have shown the implementation of the multiplier, Euclidean distance operator, and log-domain filter using the quoted CMOS TEs.…”

“…[15][16][17] Recently, novel CMOS translinear elements (TEs) were introduced by Fernandez and Madrenas, [20][21][22] which mimic the characteristics of BJT-based TE. The authors of previous studies [20][21][22] have shown the implementation of the multiplier, Euclidean distance operator, and log-domain filter using the quoted CMOS TEs. [20][21][22] This communication presents a new application of the CMOS TE of previous studies [20][21][22] in the implementation of a CMOS-based wide-range current-controlled grounded resistor (WR-CCGR), which to the best of the authors' knowledge, has not been explored in the literature earlier.…”

“…The authors of previous studies [20][21][22] have shown the implementation of the multiplier, Euclidean distance operator, and log-domain filter using the quoted CMOS TEs. [20][21][22] This communication presents a new application of the CMOS TE of previous studies [20][21][22] in the implementation of a CMOS-based wide-range current-controlled grounded resistor (WR-CCGR), which to the best of the authors' knowledge, has not been explored in the literature earlier. Besides the very wide range of the resistance realized, the circuit also exhibits high linearity, wide operational frequency range, and capability of operating with low supply voltage and low power consumption, which make its performance even better than the BJT-based CCGRs, such as the ones presented in Osaaid and Fabre 16 and Arslanalp et al 17 An application of the proposed circuit in realizing a band-pass filter (BPF) with an electronically-variable-center frequency has also been demonstrated.…”

Translinear signal processing circuits in standard CMOS FPAA

“…Finally the simulation results for the multiplier and filter are presented in section IV. The main block is the TE, based on a wide dynamic ranges fully CMOS-compatible circuit presented in [16,17]. The programmable current mirror can be configured to scale input currents by 3, 2, 1, 1/2 and 1/3 times.…”