Explosive Detection by Microthermal Analysis

Zuck, Asaf; Greenblatt, Jeremy; Zifman, Adi; Zaltsman, Amalia; Kendler, Shai; Frishman, Gad; Meltzer, Sheffer; Fisher, I.

doi:10.1080/07370650801922286

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…7 Recently various studies have shown that microthermal analysis also makes it possible to detect and discriminate between explosives at trace level by carrying out fast heating experiments on very low-mass and single crystals of various nitrated energetic compounds. [9][10][11][12][13] Their explosive nature can be identified in this way in just a few milliseconds thanks to their specific thermal pattern. 13 Therefore, once adsorbed on a porous material, the trapped explosive vapor should also exhibit a specific thermal pattern when it is heated at fast rates, corresponding either to its desorption or decomposition inside the porous material.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chip Calorimetry for the Sensitive Identification of Hexogen and Pentrite from Their Decomposition inside Copper Oxide Nanoparticles

et al. 2015

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Smart detection systems for explosive sensors are designed both to detect explosives in the air at trace level and identify the threat for a specific response. Following this need we have succeeded in using microthermal analysis to sensitively identify and discriminate between RDX and PETN explosive vapors at trace level. Once the explosive vapor is trapped in a porous material, heating the material at a fast rate of 3000 K/s up to 350 °C will result in a thermal pattern specifically corresponding to the explosive and its interaction with the porous material. The explosive signatures obtained make it possible to simultaneously identify the presence and the nature of the explosive vapor in just a few milliseconds. Therefore, this also allows the development of multitarget devices using porous material for capturing the vapor combined with microthermal analysis for fast detection and identification. So far it is the first time that chip calorimetry has been used to characterize and identify explosives in vapor state.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chip Calorimetry for the Sensitive Identification of Hexogen and Pentrite from Their Decomposition inside Copper Oxide Nanoparticles

et al. 2015

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“…The reduced sample required by chip-scale calorimeters (nano-or micro-grams depending on the device sensitivity) gives a competitive advantage to these calorimeters because highly energetic materials can be tested in an inherently safer way. Consequently, it is feasible to employ handheld calorimeters for the screening and detection of highly energetic substances in security applications (Bannister et al, 2002;Liu et al, 2005Liu et al, , 2007Piazzon, Rosenthal, Bondar, Spitzer, & Ivanov, 2010;Zuck et al, 2008). A simple test in a scanning calorimeter can reveal whether a sample can represent a thermal hazard.…”

Section: Screening Of Energetic Materialsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Temperature was then raised by quickly increasing the voltage across the resistive heater following a linear ramp. The experiment was conducted according to the procedure used by Zuck et al (2008). For comparative purposes a thermogram obtained with a conventional DSC using a closed cell is shown in the figure insert.…”

Section: Screening Of Energetic Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chip-scale calorimeters: Potential uses in chemical engineering

Carreto-Vazquez

Liu

Bukur

et al. 2011

Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries

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“…The detection of explosives and related compounds is an issue of major importance in different fields. Nearly all known analytical methods have already been investigated for their applicability to analyze explosives (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18). A review of the instrumentation used for trace detection of explosives was given by Moore in 2004 (1) and was supplemented with advances in 2007 (2).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A review of the instrumentation used for trace detection of explosives was given by Moore in 2004 (1) and was supplemented with advances in 2007 (2). Some more recent reviews of the various analytical methods can be found in the literature (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18). In general, gas chromatography (GC) is the method of choice, while a range of different detectors can be coupled with this instrument.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Explosives by GC‐UV

Andrasko¹,

Lagesson-Andrasko²,

Dahlén

et al. 2017

Journal of Forensic Sciences

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A mixture of explosives was analysed by gas chromatography (GC) linked to ultraviolet (UV) spectrophotometry that enabled detection in the range of 178 -330 nm. The gas phase UV spectra of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), 2,4-dinitrotoluene (DNT), ethylene glycol dinitrate (EGDN), glycerine trinitrate (NG, nitroglycerine), triacetone triperoxide (TATP), pentaerytritol tetranitrate (PETN) were successfully recorded.The most interesting aspect of the current application is that it enabled simultaneous detection of both the target analyte and its decomposition products. At suitable elevated temperatures of the transfer line between the GC instrument and the UV detector, a partial decomposition was accomplished. Detection was made in real time and resulted in overlaid spectra of the mother compound and its decomposition product. Hence, the presented approach added another level to the qualitative identification of the explosives in comparison to traditional methods that relies only on the detection of the target analyte. As expected, the decomposition product of EGDN, NG and PETN was NO, while TATP degraded to acetone. DNT and TNT did not exhibit any decomposition at the temperatures used.UV detection in gas phase is a sensitive and selective universal detection that is suitable for identification and quantification. It is robust with easy maintenance, no moving parts, no ionization and no vacuum pumps. It is particularly useful for detection and identification of isomers. KEYWORDS:Forensic science, ultraviolet detection, gas chromatography -ultraviolet spectrophotometry, ultraviolet spectra, explosive analysis, triacetone triperoxide, nitrate esters Gas chromatography with ultraviolet detection (GC-UV) is a hyphenation of gas chromatography and UV spectrophotometry in gas phase. The instrument INSCAN model 175, developed and built by Verner Lagesson and Ludmila Lagesson-Andrasko, was successfully employed in several studies (20,21). A spectral library containing more than 1400 gas phase UV spectra, as a basis for identification of compounds and determination of specific functional groups, was established.One of the GC-UV method advantages is an illustrative three dimensional presentation of the chromatogram. It is displayed at real time and the decomposition process can be followed visually on line. With benefit, this method can be employed in parallel with GC-MS for verification and as its complement. The simplicity and robustness of GC-UV is another advantage. It can easily be modified to a mobile design for use in the field or for continuous monitoring of industrial processes online. The GC-UV is excellent for identification of isomers and small gaseous molecules. On comparison with GC-IR detection, the sensitivity of GC-UV can be as much as 1000 times higher, depending on the 3 absorption properties of electronic spectra. The UV spectra in vapor phase are well defined because they are not influenced by solvent effects. Many substances show also vibrational fine structure overlaid to absorption bands. Thes...

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Explosive Detection by Microthermal Analysis

Cited by 16 publications

References 3 publications

Chip Calorimetry for the Sensitive Identification of Hexogen and Pentrite from Their Decomposition inside Copper Oxide Nanoparticles

Chip Calorimetry for the Sensitive Identification of Hexogen and Pentrite from Their Decomposition inside Copper Oxide Nanoparticles

Chip-scale calorimeters: Potential uses in chemical engineering

Analysis of Explosives by GC‐UV

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