Explosive desensitization studies via chemical group modification. Nitroso‐Derivatives of RDX and 3‐Amino‐TNT

Abstract

With aims toward desensitizing RDX and TNT via molecular modification, mono‐ and trinitroso‐derivatives of RDX and 3‐amino‐TNT were synthesized and subjected to sensitivity tests. Impact and shock sensitivity data show these compounds to be markedly desensitized. Explosive yield measurements indicate that the changes in power output due to these molecular modifications are minor.

Ab Initio Calculation of the Heats of Formation of Nitrosamides: Comparison with Nitramides

“…The calculated N-N bond energies and strengths at 0 K are listed in Table 4. The ∆H f°v alues of 112.2, 71.4, 64.6, and 34.5 kcal/mol recommended above for N(NO) 3 , N(NO 2 ) 3 , HN(NO) 2 , and HN(NO 2 ) 2 , respectively, were used to find that the N-N bond energies of N(NO) 3 24 For N(NO) 3 , N(NO 2 ) 3 , HN(NO) 2 , and HN(NO 2 ) 2 the N-N bond strengths will differ from the N-N bond energies. The N-N bond strengths are calculated using the following reactions:…”

“…This suggests that the decomposition of N(NO) 3 , N(NO 2 ) 3 , HN(NO) 2 , and HN(NO 2 ) 2 occurs more readily via N-N bond cleavage. The exact decomposition mechanism of N(NO) 3 and HN(NO) 2 is an area for future research.…”

Ground states of molecules. 65. Thermolysis of molecules containing NO2 groups

“…Nitro paraffins are indeed less easily detonated than unsaturated or aromatic analogues, while amino groups are known to decrease the impact sensitivity of 1,3,5-trinitrobenzeneZ7 or 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene. 28 Conversely, according to a recent report,29 hexanitrobenzene decomposes quite rapidly in solution at moderate temperatures, apparently by rearrangement to an unstable nitrite.…”

The crystal structure of 4-chloro-3,5-dinitroaniline, C6H4ClN3O4

“…The thermal stability of explosive molecules can be achieved by the introduction of amino groups at the aromatic ring [6][7][8]. 4-Chloro-3,5-dinitroaniline is an important precursor with the amino groups and nitroaryl for the synthesis of the derivatives of 2,2′,3,3′,5,5′,6,6′-octanitroazo-benzene (DCONAB), which is a kind of new thermally stable insensitive high explosive [9,10].…”