Explosion regions of 1,3-dioxolane/nitrous oxide and 1,3-dioxolane/air with different inert gases - Experimental data and numerical modelling

Nitrous Oxide: Oxidizer and Promoter of Hydrogen and Hydrocarbon Combustion

“…Most studies were carried at ambient initial conditions − ,,− and reported the lower and upper flammability limits of fuel–N 2 O deflagrations, using neat fuel–N 2 O mixtures or fuel–N 2 O diluted with air and/or different inert gases. Numerous experiments were conducted at pressures and/or temperatures different from ambient, ,,,,,− close to conditions of interest for plants operating flammable N 2 O gaseous mixtures or for storage facilities. Besides the flammability limits of deflagration, the flammability studies delivered limiting oxidizer concentrations and critical inert concentrations, for inert-diluted fuel–N 2 O mixtures (inerts: He, Ar, N 2 , CO 2 ). ,,,, The studies of flammability limits were performed also on blended fuels (H 2 –CH 4 –NH 3 , H 2 –MeOH, H 2 –EtOH, alkane–alkane, alkane–alkene mixtures) ,,,,,, as well as on blended oxidizers (N 2 O–O 2 , N 2 O–air, N 2 O–NO). ,,− ,,, …”

“…The influence of inert diluents addition was studied by using fuel–N 2 O mixtures, mostly at ambient initial conditions. ,, Other studies on fuel–N 2 O mixtures were conducted under conditions different from ambient. , Addition of any inert gas resulted in the shrinking of the flammability range, by an increase of the LEL and the decrease of the UEL. Shebeko reported the variation of flammability limits of C 3 H 8 and i-C 4 H 10 with N 2 O after dilution with N 2 or CO 2 .…”

“…Besides the flammability limits of deflagration, the flammability studies delivered limiting oxidizer concentrations and critical inert concentrations, for inert-diluted fuel−N 2 O mixtures (inerts: He, Ar, N 2 , CO 2 ). 7, 91,93,94,105 The studies of flammability limits were performed also on blended fuels (H 2 −CH 4 −NH 3 , H 2 −MeOH, H 2 − E t O H , a l k a n e − a l k a n e , a l k a n e − a l k e n e m i xtures) 6,89,98,99,102,106,107 as well as on blended oxidizers (N 2 O−O 2 , N 2 O−air, N 2 O−NO). 6,7,88 −90,93,98,103 The inhibiting action of several halogenated organic derivatives was studied in respect to the flammability limits of H 2 and C 1 −C 4 alkanes with N 2 O.…”

Upper and Lower Flammability Limits, Limit N2O Concentrations, and Minimum Inerting Concentrations of n-Alkane–N2O–Diluent Mixtures: An Experimental and Computational Study

“…Despite the unique and effective oxidizing properties described in Section , few data on the flammability limits of hydrocarbon–N 2 O mixtures have been hitherto available in the literature. − Inerting flammable mixtures with diluents is a useful approach to reduce explosion and fire risks; , however, the flammability limits of hydrocarbon–N 2 O mixtures diluted with inert gases such as N 2 , Ar, and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) are extremely limited in the literature.…”

Calculated adiabatic flame temperature – a tool for ascertaining the minimum inert concentraction of fuel-nitrous oxide-inert gaseous mixtures

“…The lower and upper flammability limits of fuel−N2O deflagrations were determined in various conditions: at ambient pressure and temperature, 5−14 at pressures and/or temperatures different from ambient, 9,15−19 using neat fuel−N2O mixtures and sometimes fuel−N2O diluted with air or O2. Minimum inert concentrations of inert-diluted fuel−N2O mixtures (inerts: He, Ar, N2, CO2) were also reported 5,[7][8][9]19 mostly at ambient initial conditions. Few studies were conducted in standardized conditions, as recommended by the international standards.…”