Explosion Phenomena and Effects of Explosions on Structures. I: Phenomena and Effects

Pape, Ronald; Mniszewski, Kim R.; Longinow, A.

doi:10.1061/(asce)sc.1943-5576.0000038

Cited by 18 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 2 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Few building designs consider tornado, blast, or other extreme loading (Federal Emergency Management Agency [FEMA] 1996; Laminou, Liu, and Chen 2019). The evidence suggests that the strength of a structure to blast impact is mostly based on the massiveness of construction, including ductility of the frame, strength of beam and column connections, redundancy of supports, amount and type of diagonal bracing, and equal or unequal strength along both directions (Pape, Mniszewski, and Longinow 2010; Shirbhate and Goel 2020). Some literature suggests that retrofitted earthquake-resistant structures have better blast-resisting capabilities (Syed et al 2017).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling Long-Term Housing Recovery after Technological Disaster Using a Virtual Audit with Repeated Photography

Hendricks

Meyer

2021

Journal of Planning Education and Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Many communities face risks of technological disasters at fertilizer plants and other facilities. Understanding damage and rebuilding of housing supports planners in implementing policies that will enable recovery. Using repeat photography, this study audited housing rebuilding in West, Texas for three years following an explosion. Photos were combined with appraisal data to understand variation in rebuilding across parcels. Results indicate that rebuilding slows dramatically after year 1, leaving many parcels vacant three years post-disaster. Parcels with higher pre-disaster values were more likely to be completely rebuilt. Planners need targeted programming to support rebuilding of lower-value homes and address vacancies.

show abstract

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling Long-Term Housing Recovery after Technological Disaster Using a Virtual Audit with Repeated Photography

Hendricks

Meyer

2021

Journal of Planning Education and Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…THEORETICAL BACKGROUND 2.1. Overview of Blast Analysis A blast causes a rapid release of a large amount of energy, creating a drastic increase in temperature and pressure, and releasing a shock wave from the hot compressed gases (Pape et al 2010). In blast analysis, a real blast profile can be complicated, as shown in Figure 1 (a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Damage Assessment of a Building Subjected to a Terrorist Attack

Eskew

Jang

2014

Advances in Structural Engineering

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

An increasing threat of global terrorism has led to concerns about bombings of buildings, which could cause minor to severe structural damage. After such an event, it is important to rapidly assess the damage to the building to ensure safe and efficient emergency response. Current methods of visual inspection and nondestructive testing are expensive, subjective, and time consuming for emergency responders' usage immediately after an attack. On the other hand, vibration-based damage detection methods with wireless smart sensors could provide rapid assessment of structural characteristics with low cost. For blast analysis, structural response is usually determined using a simplified SDOF version of the undamaged structure, such as used in a Pressure-Impulse (P-I) Diagram, or using more complex FEM (finite element method) models. However, the simplified models cannot take into account damage caused by blast focus at a specific location or on a specific element, which may induce local failure leading to potential progressive collapse, and the more complex FEM models take too long to derive applicable results to be effective for a rapid structural assessment. In this paper, a new method to incorporate vibration-based damage detection methods to calculate the multi degree of freedom structural stiffness for determining structural condition is provided to create a framework for the rapid structural condition assessment of buildings after a terrorist attack. The stiffness parameters are generated from the modal analysis of the measured vibration on the building, which are then used in a numerical simulation to determine its structural response from the blast. The calculated structural response is then compared to limit conditions that have been developed from ASCE blast design codes to determine the damage assessment. A laboratory-scale building frame has been employed to validate the developed use of experimentally determined stiffness by comparing the P-I diagram using the experimental stiffness with that from numerical models. The reasonable match between the P-I diagrams from the numerical models and the experiments shows the positive potential of the method. The framework and examples of how to develop a rapid condition assessment are presented.

show abstract

“…Wang and Li carried out comparative numerical calculation on different radial coupling coefficient of water-decoupling charging structure in infinite concrete medium and then comprehensively analyzed relationships between damage zone distribution and pore wall pressure and acceleration as well as velocity and radial decoupling coefficient [7]. Pape et al carried out finite-element analysis methods, studied the explosion phenomena and effects of explosions on structures systematically, and predicted the harmful effects of blasting with different criterions [8,9]. By evaluating charging structure's influence on blasting effect and blasting vibration of near area, a large number of engineering practices, tests, and numerical simulations on charging structure indicate that decoupling charging structure can enhance utilization rate of explosive energy and improve blasting effect.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and Theoretical Study on Influence of Different Charging Structures on Blasting Vibration Energy

Wang

Chen

et al. 2015

Shock and Vibration

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

As an important parameter in blasting design, charging structure directly influences blasting effect. Due to complex conditions of this blasting and excavating engineering in Jiangsu, China, the authors carried out comparative researches with coupling structure, air-decoupling structure, and water-decoupling structure. After collecting, comparing, and analyzing produced signals on blasting vibration, the authors summarized that when proportional distances are the same, water-decoupling structure can reduce instantaneous energy of blasting vibration more effectively with more average rock fragmentation and less harm of dust. From the perspective of impedance matching, the present paper analyzed influence of charging structure on blasting vibration energy, demonstrating that impedance matching relationship between explosive and rock changes because of different charging structures. Through deducing relationship equation that meets the impedance matching of explosive and rock under different charging structures, the research concludes that when blasting rocks with high impedance, explosive with high impedance can better transmits blasting energy. Besides, when employing decoupling charging, there exists a reasonable decoupling coefficient helping realize impedance matching of explosive and rock.

show abstract

Explosion Phenomena and Effects of Explosions on Structures. I: Phenomena and Effects

Cited by 18 publications

References 2 publications

Modeling Long-Term Housing Recovery after Technological Disaster Using a Virtual Audit with Repeated Photography

Modeling Long-Term Housing Recovery after Technological Disaster Using a Virtual Audit with Repeated Photography

Damage Assessment of a Building Subjected to a Terrorist Attack

Experimental and Theoretical Study on Influence of Different Charging Structures on Blasting Vibration Energy

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About