Exploring Triple-Isotopic Signatures of Water in Human Exhaled Breath, Gastric Fluid, and Drinking Water Using Integrated Cavity Output Spectroscopy

The doubly labelled water (DLW) method is widely used to determine energy expenditure. In this work, we demonstrate the addition of the third stable isotope, 17O, to turn it into triply labelled water (TLW), using the three isotopes measurement of optical spectrometry. We performed TLW (2H, 18O and17O) measurements for the analysis of the CO2 production (rCO2) of mice on different diets for the first time. Triply highly enriched water was injected into mice, and the isotope enrichments of the distilled blood samples of one initial and two finals were measured by an off-axis integrated cavity output spectroscopy instrument. We evaluated the impact of different calculation protocols and the values of evaporative water loss fraction. We found that the dilution space and turnover rates of 17O and 18O were equal for the same mice group, and that values of rCO2 calculated based on 18O–2H, or on 17O–2H agreed very well. This increases the reliability and redundancy of the measurements and it lowers the uncertainty in the calculated rCO2 to 3% when taking the average of two DLW methods. However, the TLW method overestimated the rCO2 compared to the indirect calorimetry measurements that we also performed, much more for the mice on a high-fat diet than for low-fat. We hypothesize an extra loss or exchange mechanism with a high fractionation for 2H to explain this difference.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First use of triply labelled water analysis for energy expenditure measurements in mice

Wang

Kong

Dijk

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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“…This uptake apparently is dependent on the food intake and / or the body composition. More detailed isotope analysis (such as gastric fluids 50 ) can probably reveal this extra water loss / exchange channel. 18 O and 17 O between liquid water and vapor, and for the 18 O, 17 O between water and gaseous CO2 at 37°C 4,15,[17][18][19]25 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validity of Triply Labelled Water Analysis for Energy Expenditure Measurements in Mice

Wang

Kong

Dijk

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The Doubly Labelled Water (DLW) method is widely used to determine energy expenditure. In this work, we demonstrate the addition of the third stable isotope, 17O, to turn it into Triply Labelled Water (TLW), using the three isotopes measurement of optical spectrometry. We performed TLW (2H, 18O and17O) measurements for the analysis of the CO2 production (rCO2) of mice on different diets for the first time. Triply highly enriched water was injected into mice, and the isotope enrichments of the distilled blood samples of one initial and two finals were measured by an Off-Axis Integrated Cavity Output Spectroscopy instrument. We evaluated the impact of different calculation protocols and the values of evaporative water loss fraction. We found that the dilution space and turnover rates of 17O and 18O were equal for the same mice group, and that values of rCO2 calculated based on 18O-2H, or on 17O-2H agreed very well. This increases the reliability and redundancy of the measurements and it lowers the uncertainty in the calculated rCO2 to 3% when taking the average of two DLW methods. However, the TLW method overestimated the rCO2 compared to the indirect calorimetry measurements that we also performed, much more for the mice on a high-fat diet than for low-fat. We hypothesize an extra loss or exchange mechanism with a high fractionation for 2H to explain this difference.

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“…In addition to the above-mentioned applications, the OA-ICOS system has also been verified for potential applications in various fields, such as stable isotopes research, 79,80 human breath analysis, [81][82][83] methane and ammonia leak detection, 1,84,85 and so forth.…”

Section: Other Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances and applications of off‐axis integrated cavity output spectroscopy

Shao

Mei

Chen

et al. 2022

Micro & Optical Tech Letters

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The off-axis integrated cavity output spectroscopy (OA-ICOS) represents a suitable solution in many applications with a simple structure and high sensitivity. The off-axis configuration allows the continuous spectrum output without cavity mode structure when a continuous wave laser is used while preserving the optical resonator's ability to enhance the optical path by tens of thousands of times. This review summarizes the recent advances and applications of OA-ICOS in recent decades. The evolutionary process and basic principle of OA-ICOS are introduced. Various approaches for improving the technical performance and enabling simultaneous multigas measurement are reported. Finally, the various field applications of OA-ICOS technology and the potential development directions are discussed.

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Exploring Triple-Isotopic Signatures of Water in Human Exhaled Breath, Gastric Fluid, and Drinking Water Using Integrated Cavity Output Spectroscopy

Cited by 9 publications

References 22 publications

First use of triply labelled water analysis for energy expenditure measurements in mice

First use of triply labelled water analysis for energy expenditure measurements in mice

Validity of Triply Labelled Water Analysis for Energy Expenditure Measurements in Mice

Recent advances and applications of off‐axis integrated cavity output spectroscopy

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