Exploring the validity of the body image scale with survivors of breast cancer: A cognitive interview approach

Abstract

Objective The aim of this study is to explore the construct validity of the Body Image Scale for Cancer Questionnaire (BIS) using cognitive interviews. Methods Twelve breast cancer survivors participated in a cognitive interview while completing the BIS. Each participant was asked to think‐out‐loud while answering items, and an interviewer asked probing questions relating to the participants' comprehension, example retrieval, certainty of answer and other decision‐making factors. Interviews were audio recorded and transcribed, and the data were analysed deductively and inductively. Results The participants' interpretations of the questions varied significantly. Several participants perceived the phrasing of some questions to be leading. The participants were able to provide examples of how their physical, physiological and body function affected their body image. The participants expressed positive attitudes towards, and gratitude for their body, which was not captured by the questionnaire. At times, the participants felt uncertain in how to respond appropriately to specific items, and the participants found some items challenging to answer. Finally, the BIS included sensitive questions that elicited emotional reactions and discomfort for some participants. Conclusion The findings of this study provide insight into, and suggestions for potential questionnaire revisions that may enhance the validity and relevance of the BIS for use with breast cancer survivors.

Preferences, barriers and facilitators regarding virtual pelvic healthcare in individuals with gynaecological cancers: protocol for a patient-oriented, mixed-methods study

“…Sample size was estimated based on prior work conducted in cancer rehabilitation, considering the proportion of gynaecological cancer diagnoses in Canada among overall cancer diagnoses. 31–33 …”

“…Recruitment is targeted at a minimum of N=50 eligible participants as a convenience sample to answer the online survey, from which we will aim to recruit n=10–15 participants (or until saturation is achieved) in the subsequent focus groups. Sample size was estimated based on prior work conducted in cancer rehabilitation, considering the proportion of gynaecological cancer diagnoses in Canada among overall cancer diagnoses 31–33…”