Exploring the Validity and Reliability of the WISC-IV:  A Review of the Literature

Andrikopoulos, Vasilios

doi:10.5296/jsss.v8i2.18166

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…In clinical environments, it is recommended that at least a year if not longer should exist between initial testing and retesting 54. For screening purposes, older versions of the WISC have maintained effective intertest reliability over a mean test-retest interval of 28 and 35 days 55. In a more recent study, for test–retest reliability with a mean test–retest interval of 32 days, the overall index in the subindices in a sample of 243 children aged 6–16 years was high to moderate 56…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and reduction of retained primitive reflexes by sensory stimulation in autism spectrum disorder: effects on qEEG networks and cognitive functions

Melillo,

Leisman,

Machado

et al. 2023

BMJ Case Rep

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Several authors have reported finding retained primitive reflexes (RPRs) in individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). This case report describes the reduction of RPRs and changes in cognitive function after transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) of muscle. Three individuals were examined in a study at the Institute for Neurology and Neurosurgery in Havana, Cuba. Two child neurologists, not involved in the study, conducted clinical examinations on each participant and diagnosed each with ASD based on DSM-V criteria and the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (an autism evaluation tool). Each child with ASD possessed a triad of impairments in three domains: social interaction, communication, and repetitive behaviour. Individuals were evaluated by quantitative electroencephalographic measures and tested by standardised cognitive function tests before and after 12 weeks of intervention. These interventions were associated with reduced ASD symptoms in the three domains, significant changes in qEEG network connectivity and significantly improved performance on standardised cognitive tests.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and reduction of retained primitive reflexes by sensory stimulation in autism spectrum disorder: effects on qEEG networks and cognitive functions

Melillo,

Leisman,

Machado

et al. 2023

BMJ Case Rep

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“…The validity is supported in differentiating gifted children, children with autism, and mental retardation but not children with ADHD ( Gordon, 2004 ). The WISC-IV internal consistency reliability is moderate (0.80–0.89) for subtests and high (>0.90) for overall scores (FSIQ), the criterion validity is highly satisfactory, but the distinguishing validity of various disability conditions is not supported ( Andrikopoulos, 2021 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extremely preterm children and relationships of minor neurodevelopmental impairments at 6 years

et al. 2022

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AimThis study investigated minor impairments in neurological, sensorimotor, and neuropsychological functioning in extremely preterm-born (EPT) children compared to term-born children. The aim was to explore the most affected domains and to visualize their co-occurrences in relationship maps.MethodsA prospective cohort of 56 EPT children (35 boys) and 37 term-born controls (19 boys) were assessed at a median age of 6 years 7 months with Touwen Neurological Examination, Movement Assessment Battery for Children, 2nd edition (MABC-2), Sensory Integration and Praxis Test (SIPT), and a Developmental Neuropsychological Assessment, 2nd edition (NEPSY-II). Altogether 20 test domains were used to illustrate the frequency of impaired test performances with a bar chart profile and to construct relationship maps of co-occurring impairments.ResultsThe EPT children were more likely to perform inferiorly compared to the term-born controls across all assessments, with a wider variance and more co-occurring impairments. When aggregating all impaired test domains, 45% of the EPT children had more impaired domains than any term-born child (more than five domains, p < 0.001). Relationship maps showed that minor neurological dysfunction (MND), NEPSY-II design copying, and SIPT finger identification constituted the most prominent relationship of co-occurring impairments in both groups. However, it was ten times more likely in the EPT group. Another relationship of co-occurring MND, impairment in NEPSY-II design copying, and NEPSY-II imitation of hand positions was present in the EPT group only.InterpretationMultiple minor impairments accumulate among EPT children at six years, suggesting that EPT children and their families may need support and timely multi-professional interventions throughout infancy and childhood.

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“…The WISC-IV consists of 10 core subtests providing four indexes of cognitive abilities standardized for sex and age. Global intelligence, as captured by the Full-Scale IQ (FSIQ) index, remains one of the single best predictors of academic and occupational success [62,63] and appears invariant and unbiased across gender, disability, and ethnic groups [64,65]. The FSIQ derives from the combination of the four indexes of the WISC-IV, reflecting the individual's overall cognitive ability.…”

Section: Measures 231 Wisc-ivmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comorbidities and Disease Duration in Tourette Syndrome: Impact on Cognition and Quality of Life of Children

Conte,

Costanza,

Novelli

et al. 2024

Children

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Background: Cognitive functions represent foundational factors for mental health and quality of life (QoL). In Tourette syndrome (TS), psychiatric comorbidities are common and have been inconsistently reported to affect the cognition and QoL of patients, while the role of tic disorder duration has not been yet explored. Methods: To examine how comorbidities and TS duration may influence cognition and QoL, N = 80 children with TS (6–16 years) were evaluated using the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-IV). Standardized questionnaires were used to assess the presence and severity of TS main comorbidities and QoL. Data were interpreted using linear correlations, regression, and mediation analysis. Results: Depression and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms accounted for poorer cognitive performance. Anxiety oppositely predicted better cognitive performance, while no significant role for obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) was observed. Disease duration was associated with lower total IQ, verbal reasoning, and working memory abilities. Depression, anxiety, and TS duration also deeply influenced QoL measures. Conclusions: TS common comorbidities have a differential impact on the cognitive abilities of children and adolescents, which translates into a complex influence on their perceived QoL. A longer clinical history of tics was related to worse cognitive outcomes, which prompts further consideration of disease duration in both clinical and research settings involving children and adolescents.

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Exploring the Validity and Reliability of the WISC-IV: A Review of the Literature

Cited by 5 publications

References 25 publications

Identification and reduction of retained primitive reflexes by sensory stimulation in autism spectrum disorder: effects on qEEG networks and cognitive functions

Identification and reduction of retained primitive reflexes by sensory stimulation in autism spectrum disorder: effects on qEEG networks and cognitive functions

Extremely preterm children and relationships of minor neurodevelopmental impairments at 6 years

Comorbidities and Disease Duration in Tourette Syndrome: Impact on Cognition and Quality of Life of Children

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