Exploring the Use of Augmented Reality Interfaces for Driver Assistance in Short-Notice Takeovers

Lindemann, Patrick; Müller, Niklas; Rigolll, Gerhard

doi:10.1109/ivs.2019.8814237

Cited by 20 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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Section: Ar-situation and Guiding Informationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Intervention time showed no significant difference between with and without AR [19,[24][25][26]. With auditory TOR [24][25][26] or seating tactile TOR [19], adding AR visual information does not seem to affect the initial reaction. Although measures of evaluation of take-over performance varied over studies, all showed a positive effect on driving behavior after the transition when AR visual information was used [19,[24][25][26].…”

Section: Ar-situation and Guiding Informationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With auditory TOR [24][25][26] or seating tactile TOR [19], adding AR visual information does not seem to affect the initial reaction. Although measures of evaluation of take-over performance varied over studies, all showed a positive effect on driving behavior after the transition when AR visual information was used [19,[24][25][26]. In Table 5, the information provided by the AR for each paper is shown.…”

Section: Ar-situation and Guiding Informationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Even though providing AR does not affect take-over time and helps drivers understand the situation, the driver seems to need time to process the information provided by AR for driving tasks after take-over [25]. In other words, providing peripheral information with AR seems to be positive in situations when the time budget is sufficient for drivers to make a decision.…”

Section: Ar-situation and Guiding Informationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lindemann [25] used AR to provide situation and guiding information in transitions of control due to a construction site, system failure, and traffic rule ambiguity. In scenarios requiring steering control after transitions, lateral deviations were reduced with AR.…”

Section: Ar-situation and Guiding Informationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of User Interfaces on Take-Over Performance: A Review of the Empirical Evidence

2021

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In automated driving, the user interface plays an essential role in guiding transitions between automated and manual driving. This literature review identified 25 studies that explicitly studied the effectiveness of user interfaces in automated driving. Our main selection criterion was how the user interface (UI) affected take-over performance in higher automation levels allowing drivers to take their eyes off the road (SAE3 and SAE4). We categorized user interface (UI) factors from an automated vehicle-related information perspective. Short take-over times are consistently associated with take-over requests (TORs) initiated by the auditory modality with high urgency levels. On the other hand, take-over requests directly displayed on non-driving-related task devices and augmented reality do not affect take-over time. Additional explanations of take-over situation, surrounding and vehicle information while driving, and take-over guiding information were found to improve situational awareness. Hence, we conclude that advanced user interfaces can enhance the safety and acceptance of automated driving. Most studies showed positive effects of advanced UI, but a number of studies showed no significant benefits, and a few studies showed negative effects of advanced UI, which may be associated with information overload. The occurrence of positive and negative results of similar UI concepts in different studies highlights the need for systematic UI testing across driving conditions and driver characteristics. Our findings propose future UI studies of automated vehicle focusing on trust calibration and enhancing situation awareness in various scenarios.

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