Exploring the shallow geothermal resources in the Chilean Southern Volcanic Zone: Insight from the Liquiñe thermal springs

Daniele, Linda; Taucare, Matías; Viguier, Benoît; Arancibia, Gloria; Aravena, Diego; Roquer, Tomás; Sepúlveda, Josefa; Molina, Eduardo; Delgado, Antonio; Muñoz, Mauricio; Morata, Diego

doi:10.1016/j.gexplo.2020.106611

Cited by 20 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 103 publications

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“…Heat flow along the active Andean volcanic arc is responsible for the high geothermal potential in Chile, representing ~3.4% of the territory (e.g., Aravena and Lahsen, 2013;Aguilera et al, 2014;Daniele et al, 2020;Lemus and Honores, 2021 4 ), with inferred resources reaching 660 MWe (total estimated power potential equivalent to ∼4.4% of the installed electric capacity; Aravena et al, 2016). At least 150 geothermal zones exist in the SVZ around Holocene volcanoes.…”

Section: On Active Magmatic-hydrothermal Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Andean Southern Volcanic Zone: a review on the legacy of the latest volcanic eruptions

Romero,

Vergara-Pinto,

Forte

et al. 2024

andgeo

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The Andean Southern Volcanic Zone (SVZ) concentrates many of the most active volcanoes of the Andean continental arc, as well as the region’s most recent and impactful volcanic eruptions. In this contribution, we briefly revise the general characteristics of the SVZ volcanism and provide a synthesis of the scientific findings related to the latest volcanic eruptions (430 peer-reviewed publications with over 9,000 citations, with large-magnitude (VEI 4-5) eruptions being the most studied. Our study shows that SVZ research has been primarily focused on environmental and atmospheric impacts (29%), eruption descriptions and physical volcanology (20%), volcanic hazard and risk assessments (15%), and other investigations complementary to volcanology. Whereas the least silicic eruptions (e.g., Llaima 2008-2009 and Villarrica 2015) shed light on magma replenishment and degassing dynamics controlling eruption styles, intermediate eruptions (andesitic-dacitic) offered clues on either rapid or slow eruption initiation, with relevant findings on phreatic-to-magmatic style transitions and eruption triggering mechanisms. On the other hand, silicic (i.e., rhyolite-rhyodacite) eruptions provided unique observations on rapid magma ascent, high-rate magma extrusion, rheology, fragmentation processes, and style transitions. These recent eruptions have also inspired a new generation of tephrochronological, tephrostratigraphical, and physical volcanology studies, aimed at assessing the long-term (kyr-scale) evolution of the volcanic systems and their associated hazards. We debate how the knowledge gained from research and the long-term human coexistence with volcanoes are relevant to reducing volcanic risk in the SVZ. Finally, we discuss how challenges and opportunities emerging from other disciplines can complement our understanding of volcanism in this active region.

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Section: On Active Magmatic-hydrothermal Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Andean Southern Volcanic Zone: a review on the legacy of the latest volcanic eruptions

Romero,

Vergara-Pinto,

Forte

et al. 2024

andgeo

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“…The positive chloride-sulfate relation probably reflects the mixing of geothermal water and cold water (Arnórsson, 1985). Atmospheric oxygen in the cold water oxidizes H 2 S to SO 4 2at shallow depths (Daniele et al, 2020), which increases the SO 4 2concentration of the geothermal water, (e.g., sampling points 10, 11, 18, 19, 20, and 21). In addition, the lithology suggests that the dissolution of the pyrite-bearing formation rocks near the Ailaoshan fault may increase the SO 4 2content in the groundwater (Luo, 2007).…”

Section: Hydrogeochemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogeochemistry of Hot Springs and the 2018 Mojiang M 5.9 Earthquake-Related Chemical Changes in the Simao Basin, China

Zhao

Wang

et al. 2022

Front. Earth Sci.

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The Simao Basin is characterized by strong tectonic activity and frequent seismicity. This study investigated the hydrochemical characteristics of 21 thermal springs in the Simao Basin from 2018 to 2020. In this study period, the 2018 Mojiang M5.9 earthquake caused several hydrochemical changes. The results indicate that the Simao Basin contained saline spring waters, HCO3−-rich spring waters, and SO42−-rich spring waters. In the study area, the water chemistry types were controlled by stratum lithology. Saline springs flowed through red beds and dissolved large amounts of halite, which is a rich source of Cl−and Na+ ions. In the hot spring waters, Ca2+ (Mg2+) and HCO3− were mainly derived from the dissolution of carbonate minerals, gypsum, and anhydrite of Triassic rocks. The higher SO42- content in the hot spring waters was caused by the pyrite present in Ailaoshan metamorphic rocks. The reservoir temperatures (121–289 °C) in the Simao Basin were estimated by the silica-enthalpy mixing model equation and the silica-enthalpy diagram. The hot springs had higher reservoir temperatures (>250 °C) and were mainly located at the edges of the basin. Metamorphic rocks exposed in the region had low permeabilities and these springs was close to nearby deep faults that provided deep heat. In most springs, the concentrations of Ca2+ and HCO3− ions increased obviously before the 2018 Mojiang M5.9 earthquake; however, the concentrations of these ions decreased after the earthquake. The hydrogeochemical variations might be attributed to the vigorous water-rock interactions and the mixing of secondary fluids. The entry of cold shallow groundwater caused changes in the reservoir temperatures of some spring samples.

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“…), usually show enrichment in hot-spring waters, which play a crucial role in determining the genesis of hot springs and explaining the circulation process of thermal waters [10,11]. For example, the high concentrations of F, As, B, Li, and heavy metals, as are found in geothermal water with strong magmatic activity in Turkey [11], Chile [12], Tibet [13], Tengchong [14], and Taiwan [10], are usually constrained by multiple factors such as the type of host rock in the water-rock reaction, the input of magmatic fluids(e.g., B, Li, etc. ), and secondary processes (e.g., precipitation of solid phases).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemical Characteristics of Trace Elements of Hot Springs in the Xianshuihe–Xiaojiang Fault Zone

Yao,

Zhou,

Qiu

et al. 2024

Water

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Trace elements in hot-spring waters are indicators for tracing hydrochemical processes, such as the deep circulation of geothermal water, the degree of water–rock interaction, redox reactions, the contamination of shallow water by thermal water, etc. In this study, 74 hot springs in the Xianshuihe–Xiaojiang Fault Zone (XSHF-XJF) were chosen for an investigation of the geochemical characteristics of trace elements using classic geochemical tools and multivariate statistical analysis. The results indicated (1) the hot-spring waters were mainly derived from atmospheric precipitation as indicated by δD and δ18O values that generally increased with decreasing elevations; (2) the high concentrations of B, As, Fe, and Mn in the waters, as well as the values of the Water Quality Index (WQI), indicated that the water quality was spatially heterogeneous and the hot-spring waters are not entirely suitable for drinking; and (3) B/Cl ratios showed that hot springs have different reservoir sources in the XSHF and XJF, respectively. The leaching of surrounding rock during water circulation contributed predominantly to the trace elements of the study’s waters. Diversity of lithology was the main factor affecting their concentrations. In addition, deep circulation controlled by the fault could influence trace-element enrichment. Our results offer a guide for the exploration and use of geothermal resources.

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Exploring the shallow geothermal resources in the Chilean Southern Volcanic Zone: Insight from the Liquiñe thermal springs

Cited by 20 publications

References 103 publications

The Andean Southern Volcanic Zone: a review on the legacy of the latest volcanic eruptions

The Andean Southern Volcanic Zone: a review on the legacy of the latest volcanic eruptions

Hydrogeochemistry of Hot Springs and the 2018 Mojiang M 5.9 Earthquake-Related Chemical Changes in the Simao Basin, China

Geochemical Characteristics of Trace Elements of Hot Springs in the Xianshuihe–Xiaojiang Fault Zone

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